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Canadian Amateur Radio Basic Qualification Study Guide > 2: Getting Down To Basics > Flashcards

2: Getting Down To Basics Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: There are over 100 kinds of atoms.

A

True

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2
Q

What primarily differentiates atoms, or elements, from each other?

A

The number of protons and neutrons in their nucleus.

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3
Q

Atoms of elements can join together in groups to form what?

A

A molecule.

Example: Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen form a molecule of water.

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4
Q

What are found outside the nucleus and carry a negative charge?

A

Electrons.

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5
Q

True or False: The nucleus is positively charged.

A

True.

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6
Q

Will a neutral atom that gains electrons result in a negative or positive charge?

A

Negative.

Atoms that gain electrons from a neutral state become negatively charged.

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7
Q

What is electrostatic attraction?

A

The phenomenon where negative electrons are held in place by the positive protons in the nucleus.

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8
Q

True or false: Particles with like charges attract each other.

A

False.

Particles with opposite charges attract each other. Like charges repel each other.

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9
Q

What is the name for a charged (negatively or positively) atom or molecule?

A

An ion.

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10
Q

What is the process of an atom or molecule becoming (negatively or positively) charged called?

A

Ionization.

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11
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

The electrons in the outdoor shell of an atom.

These atoms can be put under stress and caused to move to another atom.

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12
Q

What is electrical current?

A

The flow of electrons.

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13
Q

What is a conductor?

A

The substance through which current, or the flow of electrons, moves.

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14
Q

What is a coulomb? How is it abbreviated?

A

The basic unit of charge. 6.28 x 10E18 electrons.

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15
Q

What is an ampere? How is it abbreviated?

A

The rate of flow of electrons. One ampere (A) is one colomb per second.

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16
Q

What is the symbol for current?

A

I (capital i)

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17
Q

What is one thousandth of an ampere called? What symbol?

A

A milliampere.

mA.

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18
Q

What is one millionth of an ampere called? What symbol?

A

A microampere.

uA.

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19
Q

What are volts? How are they abbreviated?

A

A unit of measurement for the work needed to put a charge onto a body by adding electrons to it.

Abbreviated as V.

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20
Q

What is potential energy?

A

The electrons on a charged body.

21
Q

What is voltage? How is it abbreviated?

A

The difference in potential between two points.

E.

22
Q

What is an mV?

A

A millivolt. A thousandth of a volt.

23
Q

What is a uV?

A

A microvolt. A millionth of a volt.

24
Q

What is an insulator?

A

A poor or non-conductor. A material where the valence electrons are difficult to dislodge.

25
Q

What are the three best conductors?

A

Silver, copper, and aluminum.

26
Q

What purpose does gold serve in electronic circuits?

A

Corrosion resistance.

27
Q

What is plasma? Is it a good conductor?

A

A gas composed of ionized molecules.

Yes, very good.

28
Q

How is the tolerance of a component expressed?

A

The percentage of a marked value.

29
Q

What is tolerance?

A

The maximum permissible variation from a stated value.

30
Q

What is the unit of resistance? What symbol for a unit of resistance?

A

Ohms. Symbolized by the Greek letter Omega.

31
Q

What is the symbol for resistance?

A

R.

32
Q

What is an Ohm?

A

The resistance of a conductor that will allow one ampere of current to flow when one volt is applied to that conductor.

33
Q

What causes the heating of a wire while current passes through it?

A

The resistance of the wire to electrons being forced to flow through it.

34
Q

What are watts the measure of? And what is the abbreviation?

A

Watts are the measure of the amount of heat a resistor can tolerate before it burns up.

A watt is abbreviated as W.

35
Q

What factors effect a wife’s ability to conduct an electrical current?

A

Specific resistance, length, diameter, and temperature.

36
Q

What is the difference between fixed, tapped, and variable resistors?

A

Fixed has a constant value, tapped has several connections with different values, and variable has a movable tap to allow for a range of values.

37
Q

What are two types of fixed or variable resistors?

A

Composition and wire-wound resistors.

38
Q

What is the acronym for resistor colour code bands?

A

Better Be Ready Or Your Great Big Venture Goes West

Black
Brown
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Violet
Grey
White

39
Q

What do the bands on a resistor stand for?

A

1 - First digit of resistance value
2 - Second digit of resistance value
3 - Multiplier (silver for 0.01, gold for 0.1)
4 - Tolerance

40
Q

What is conductance? What is the name for a unit of conductance?

A

The reciprocal of resistance.

Siemens, abbreviated as S.

41
Q

How is conductance expressed in an equation?

A

G.

42
Q

What is an insulator?

A

A substance with such low conductance that effectively no current can flow through it.

43
Q

True or False: Magnets have much in common with electrical conductors.

A

True

44
Q

In relation to magnetic fields, in the 1800’s it was discovered that electrical current can be made to flow in a conductor by doing what?

A
  1. Moving the conductor through a magnetic field;
  2. Moving a magnetic field around a conductor; and
  3. Moving both the conductor and the magnetic field.
45
Q

The electrical current in a moving conductor is at a maximum when the conductor is ____________ to the lines of force of the magnetic field?

A

Perpendicular.

46
Q

Lines of force in a magnetic field run from which point to which?

A

The north and south pole outside the magnet, then returning south to north inside.

47
Q

What are two types of magnets?

A

Permanent, made of iron or alloys of steel, and temporary, which are maintained by external forces.

48
Q

What is an electromagnet?

A

A coil of wire wrapped around a solf iron core. When a current is applied to the wire coil, a magnetic field is generated in the core.

Canadian Amateur Radio Basic Qualification Study Guide (2 decks)

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