2. Gases Flashcards
what is a gas
loose connection of weakly attracted atoms/molecules that move in random direction
what is density of gases relative liquids
less dense than liquids
what is standard temperature and pressure
0 degree Celsius
1atm
are the following miscible with other its state
gases
liquids
all gases are miscible with each other
liquids are not
in the kinetic molecular theory what is assumed about gases in terms of collision
gas molecules make completely elastic collisions
in the kinetic molecular theory what is assumed about gases in terms of volume
gas molecules have 0 volume
in the kinetic molecular theory what is assumed about gases in terms of the relationship between avg kinetic energy and temp
avg kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to temperature of the gas
in the kinetic molecular theory what is assumed about gases in terms of forces
gas molecules will only exhibit forces due to collisions
what is the equation for the ideal gas law
PV = nRT
P = pressure (atm)
V = volume (L)
n = # moles of gas
R = universal/ideal gas constant
T = temperature (Kelvin)
what is charles law
volume of gas is directly proportional to temperature when pressure and amount of gas is kept constant
what is the equation for charles law
V1/T1 = V2/T2
what is boyles law
when the volume of ideal gas is kept at a fixed temp the pressure and volume are inversely proprtional
what is the equation for boyles law
P1V1 = P2V2
according to boyles law what happens to pressure as volume increases
decreases
the ideal gas law is the same for all ideal gases so what does this mean for the other factors in the ideal gas equation if all gases have same volume
all gases have same volume if they have same # of molecules, temp and pressure
what is partial pressure
the amount of pressure contributed by any gas in a mixture
what is the partial pressure equation for a particular gas
P(B) = XB x P(total)
P(B) = partial pressure of gas B
XB = mole fraction of gas B
P(total) = total gaseous pressure
what is daltons law
total pressure exerted by a gaseous mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of each of its component gases
what is the daltons law equation
P(total) = P1 + P2 + P3…
what are 2 types of gaseous spreading
effusion and diffusion
what is diffusion
spreading of one gas into another gas or into an empty area
what is effusion
spreading of a gas from a high pressure to a very low pressure via an opening that is smaller than the average distance between the gas molecules
gas moves through this very small opening into a vacuum
