2- Eating Disorders Flashcards
What are the defining features of Anorexia Nervosa?
Low body weight, fears gaining weight/ becoming fat, self-esteem/ mood significantly influenced by weight
What are the defining features of Bulimia Nervosa?
Binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors, self-esteem/ mood significantly influenced by weight
What is the difference between purging and non-purging compensatory behaviors?
Purging- any way to get food out of body
Non-purging- keep food in but get rid of calories (exercise)
What is the most common type of ED?
Binge eating disorder
How is binge eating disorder defined?
Binge eating not followed by compensatory behaviors
What are common types of feeding disorders?
Pica, rumination disorder, ARFID (avoidant/ restrictive food intake disorder)
The following are signs/ sxs of what eating disorder?
Consistent drop in weight (BMI < 18.5), fainting/ dizzy, HAs, anemia, osteoporosis/ osteopenia, irregular/ absent menses, bloating/ IBS, anxiety/ OCD
Anorexia
The following are signs/ sxs of what eating disorder?
Heart irregularies/ electrolyte imbalance, low bone density, persistent sore throat, acid reflux, unexplained GI problems, swollen parotid glands
Bulimia
The following are signs/ sxs of what ED?
Excessive weight, T2DM, fatty liver disease, heart disease, high BP, high cholesterol, decades of failed dieting
Binge eating disorder
What general signs/ sxs may be a/w any ED? (3)
- Fear/ anxiety around food
- Body dissatisfaction, negative body image
- Unresolved trauma, esp. abuse
For a pt that has an ED, it is imperative to understand that eating disorders are NOT about food, but instead that eating behaviors are what?
Sxs of something deeper (emotionally and psychologically)
You should avoid lecturing pts with an ED about weight, food, or exercise because they are not under- or over eating because they don’t know how else to eat. Instead there use food for what?
Psychological compulsion to use food to cope with emotions, anxiety, depression
If a pt with an ED shows signs of depression, anxiety, body hatred, or hx of struggling with eating disorders, it is important to discuss what?
Meeting with/ provide referrals to an eating disorder specialist or treatment program
What should you recommend in order to show a pt with an ED that you care and that you expect them to reach out to referrals?
Follow up appt
90% of people with EDs will not seek tx. What is the prevalence of dying from an ED if a pt seeks vs does not seek tx?
20% of those who do not seek tx will die vs
~2-3% of those who do seek tx will die
(of those who do seek tx- 60% full recovery, 20% partial recovery, 20% do not improve)
What are the therapeutic levels of care for an ED from most to least acute? (6)
Hospitalization (3-5 days) → inpt (30-60 days) → partial hospitalization/ residental (45-60 days) → intensive outpt (1-3 months) → outpt (2-5 yrs) → support groups
What are the indications for in-patient tx of an ED?
- Medically unstable
- Refuses/ unable to follow outpt tx
- Break from day-to-day stressors
What are the indications for out-patient tx of an ED?
- Medically stable
- Able to care for self
- Not too dependent on tx for day-to-day well-being
What are the present-focued foals of outpatient therapy for an ED?
- Manage mood/ anxiety
- Communicate feelings/ needs
- Creating meaningful life (“real self”)
What are the past-focused goals of outpatient therapy for an ED?
Identify function of ED and heal related trauma
CBT, DBT, exposure response prevention, and experiential/ psychodrama are all examples of present or past-focued models of outpatient therapy for an ED?
Present
Psychodynamic/ object relations/ attachment and EMDR are all examples of present or past-focued models of outpatient therapy for an ED?
Past
What type of present-focused outpatient therapy for an ED challenges negative thinking and activates healthy behaviors?
CBT
What type of present-focused outpatient therapy for an ED places an emphasis on skills to effectively manage self w/o destructive coping mechanisms?
DBT- finds balance between rational mind and emotional mind
(coping skills = mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, interpersonal)
