2. DNA Structure and Replication

Question 1

What makes up a nucleotide?

Answer 1

Sugar, Phosphate and a Base

Question 2

What is the backbone of DNA?

Answer 2

Deoxyribose Sugar and phosphate

Question 3

What are the 4 bases of DNA?

Answer 3

A, T, C and G

Question 4

What is the base pairing rule?

Answer 4

A to T and C to G

Question 5

Which bonds form between DNA bases?

Answer 5

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 6

What is the 3’ end?

Answer 6

Where the nucleotide is added

Question 7

What is the 5’ end?

Answer 7

Where the phosphate is located

Question 8

Which enzyme controls DNA replication?

Answer 8

DNA Polymerase

Question 9

Which enzyme joins the okazaki fragments of the lagging strand?

Answer 9

Ligase

Question 10

In which direction is DNA replicated?

Answer 10

5’ to 3’ direction

Question 11

What is PCR?

Answer 11

The amplification of DNA molecules

Question 12

What are some applications of PCR?

Answer 12

Forensic identification, paternity testing, medical diagnosis

Question 13

What happens when DNA is heated during PCR?

Answer 13

Strands separate

Question 14

What is a primer?

Answer 14

Short nucleotide sequence of complimentary bases