1. Cell Division and Differentiation

Question 1

What is a stem cell?

Answer 1

Undifferentiated cell that has the ability to self renew and specialise

Question 2

How does a cell become specialised?

Answer 2

Expresses only the genes relevant to its function and switches off unrequired genes

Question 3

What is a germline cell?

Answer 3

Sperm, egg and gamete stem cells

Question 4

What is a somatic cell?

Answer 4

All body cells other than germline

Question 5

What is a haploid cell?

Answer 5

Cell produced in meiosis that contain 23 chromosomes

Question 6

What is a diploid cell?

Answer 6

Cell that divides via mitosis and has 46 chromosomes

Question 7

What are some research uses of stem cells?

Answer 7

model cell to study disease, drug testing

Question 8

What are some therapeutic uses of stem cells?

Answer 8

corneal repairs, skin grafts, bone marrow transplants

Question 9

What are embryonic stem cells?

Answer 9

Unspecialised cells from the developing embryo that can become any cell type

Question 10

What are somatic/tissue stem cells?

Answer 10

Adult stem cells that have some genes switched off, so can only specialise into a limited number of cell types

Question 11

What is cancer?

Answer 11

Uncontrolled cell growth

Question 12

What is a tumour?

Answer 12

A mass of abnormal cells

Question 13

What is a secondary tumour?

Answer 13

Cells fail to attach to tumour and form another tumour at a secondary location