2 DL QUIZLET CARDS Flashcards
What lights on a VASI are used for heavy aircraft?
Mid / Far lights
Landing rwy 9. 5 miles behind heavy aircraft. Winds 360/6.
a. vortices will dissipate
b. downing will linger
c. upwind will linger
d. You have enough spacing
d. You have enough spacing
(ass
Two identical aircraft and throttle in same position with identical weights. One is faster than the other. Which produces more thrust?
The faster one.
BTW…I don’t think weight matters.
Difference between EGT and turbine inlet temp
EGT measured at exit of last turbine stage (or the like)
TIT measured at exit of combustor prior to turbine (hottest part of a motor and very difficult to measure)
ITT Inter-turbine temp
measured between N1/N2 Turbine.
Holding @ 12K. L/D Max is 210. What speed do you hold?
230 is holding at 12K, but hold at 210 since that is max endure.
On a VOR 01 appch. Bearing pointer is at 360. What do you do?
Correct to course with a heading of less than 360 degrees
Outbound on the 175 Radial. Want to go to the 135 Course. What’s a good initial heading?
105 (vs. 080, 135, 145). 135 and 145 wouldn’t get you there.
See an airport with a green and split white light (Green - White/White)
Military Airport
Flying approach in SLC vs ATL
Descent rate will be higher (Higher TAS/GS)
Landing with a right Crosswind
Right Aileron
Left Rudder
More power for same descent rate
QNH =
QNE =
Local Alt
STD DAY 29.92
Fowler flaps
Decrease Stall Speed, slight drag increase (best of all, though). Chord increase as flap moves aft increasing Cl; Cl moves aft?
Heading 010, winds 330/28 what is crosswind?
.65 x 28 = 17 ish Crosswinds 30 deg = 50% 45 deg = 70% 60 deg = 90%
Flashing Red Light from Tower*
Red Light from Tower
Taxi clear of runway or DO NOT LAND AIRPORT UNSAFE
Stop or Keep circling (give way to other aircraft)
Flashing Green Light from Tower
Green Light from Tower
Taxi or Come back to land (followed by green light)
Takeoff or Land
Pink circle with a number/letter on a taxiway
Geographic position marking for low vis (<1200 RVR) taxiing
Smoke in cockpit/airplane
Decrease Pressure differential (to get smoke out?)
Battery reads 0 Volts
Dead and Charger Broken
2 Generators and APU broken
DC from Battery. AC from inverter.
High to Low - Lookout Below (temps and Kollsman window)
Altimeter set higher than should be = jet lower than it indicates (like not resetting 29.92 to lower altimeter in AK)
Kollsman window (altimeter setting)
Lowers indicated altitude = lower altimeter setting = left turn knob
Raise indicated altitude - raise altimeter setting = turn knob right.
True Airspeed vs Indicated Airspeed
Increases roughly 2% per 1,000’. So at 20,000’ it’s roughly 40% higher than at sea level.
Va
Vmc
Design mAneuvering speed - abrupt control deflection or turbulence. Speed decreases as weight decreases.
Min controllable airspeed (with critical engine (left) inop)
V2
Takeoff Safety Speed
- best climb gradient speed (best altitude increase per mile with most critical engine inop)
Holding Timing
0 - 14,000’ = 1 min INBOUND leg
14,001’+ = 1.5 min INBOUND leg
INBOUND LEG!!
Holding Entry
TD w/in 70 deg
Parallel w/in 110 deg
Direct otherwise
Circling Airspeeds
A 0-90 B: 90-120 C: 121-140 D: 141- 165 E: 165+
Circling radii
A - 1.3 B - 1.5 C - 1.7 D - 2.3 E - 4.5
At FL 300 temp gets warmer. What happens to TAS and True Altitude?
TAS goes up
True Altitude goes up
Density Altitude
Pressure altitude corrected for temperature.
Pressure Altitude
29.92 / 15 deg C.
True Altitude
Indicated Altitude
Aircraft altitude above sea level. Indicated and True are not always the same (cold temps = lower than indicated altitude)
How high you “think” you are w/local altimeter (QNH) set in window. (Cold temps = lower than indicated altitude)
Starting Sequence (AROFEC)
Open Air Valve - AIR PUSHES RPM RPM climbs Oil Pressure Climbs - NEED RPM BEFORE OIL PRESS Fuel Flow EGT climbs Air Valve Closes?
Takeoff traffic spacing requirements
Same threshold = 2 minutes behind heavy jet
Intersection = 3 minutes
May not be “waived.”
Inbound on 090 Course. Cleared outbound on the 060R after crossing VOR–what is your heading/bearing pointer combo?
080 until head of bearing pointer shows 240. (Need to look at this)
You unknowingly blow a tire on t/o. How can you tell on landing?
yaw and longer landing roll.
Most impact on landing roll?
Groundspeed
What impacts engine’s sonic footprint?
- exhaust v. bypass windspeed
- temp
- others…
Not sure…OAT affects sonic footprint?
My guess is exhaust gas windspeed.
Vapp = 130. Currently 1,600’ AGL and 230 its. Configure as late as possible for noise and passenger comfort. When should you slow down?
- Other choices were 7, 23 or 30+
When do you start spacing time for t/o behind heavy?
After airplane in front of you has taken off (mains leave runway). This is the best I could figure out.
I THINK IT IS THE NOSE, BECAUSE THAT IS WHEN YOU ARE CREATING LIFT.
How many statute miles in a nautical mile?
1.15 SM = 1 NM
ONE TEST QUESTION HAS YOU CONVERT!!!
OR .86 NIM = 1 STATUTE
Tank with low fuel vs tank with high fuel–how do you balance?
Boost pump on, high fuel tank off. Undue when balanced.
What is maximum allowable thrust?
Max continuous at takeoff conditions for 5 minutes.
What is TOGA setting?
Take-off/Go Around (TO/GA) is an autopilot/autothrottle setting activating take-off or go-around thrust. Depending upon aircraft type, it may be activated by depressing a switch or by manually moving the thrust levers to the appropriate position.
Bleeds open/closed?
BLEEDS OPEN - USE ENGINE BLEED AIR ON TAKEOFF
BLEEDS CLOSED - EITHER AN UNPRESSURIZED T/O OR USING BLEED AIR OFF THE APU
Ground Effect “effects”
Lift increase
Drag decrease
“Compressed air” (?)
QFE
Altimeter set to 0 on the field
Transition Altitude versus Transition Level
Transition Altitude = QNE (29.92) (“A” points up)
Transition Level = QNH (Local) (“V” in “level” points down)
Plus, as you climb you are at “altitudes” and you climb through them to transition to levels (QNE). Likewise, you descend through flight levels before you change to QNH (local).
Know the runway marking for aim point and how far down the runway it is.
1,020’. These are the broad markings. Only one set.
Taxiway sign with a “T” and 18-36.
Taxiway Tango and 18 approach end to your left and 36 approach end on your right.
You are on final with a 15 kt crosswind. When you line up with the runway (i.e. stop crabbing) you need to: increase or decrease power
Increase power
I THINK YOU NEED AN INCREASE IN POWER BECAUSE YOU ARE CRABBING TO MAINTAIN RUNWAY CENTERLINE. AND WHEN YOU ARE CRABBING YOU ARE CREATING MORE DRAG AND NEED MORE THRUST.
“Smoke in the galley” says a flight attendant.
Put on O2 mask FIRST.
Iced over pitot tube in descent reads what?
Descent or zero.
How wide is a normal US airway?
8 nm. 4 nm either side.
When are you considered on the final appch portion of an appch?
At the GS/FAF.
How many g’s will there be in a turn with 30 deg of bank.
1.15 g.
You open all cross feed valves and turn on all boost pumps. Some pumps have more power than others. Which tanks will empty first?
Possibly the one with the more powerful boost pump. Other options included the motor with the higher fuel flow (doesn’t make sense unless you have boost pumps that can’t keep up with engine fuel demands)
You push over to zero g. What happens to parasite drag and induced drag?
Parasite drag same. Induced drag decrease.
RST SAID INDUCED DRAG DECREASES AND PARASITE DRAG WOULD INCREASE SLIGHTLY DO TO THE INCREASED SPEED GOING ZERO G
In straight and level flight, you accelerate. What is the relationship with lift, weight, thrust and drag?
Thrust increases, then a/s increases. Parasite drag goes up, induced drag goes down (AOA decreases). As drag and new thrust are equal, plane stops accelerating.
Where does the air in the engine start accelerating?
Compressor
Where does the air in the engine start accelerating?
Compressor
While in a descent from flight level 330 to 10,000 feet you are given the clearance to maintain mach .76 until you are able to transition to 330 KIAS. Which of the following statements is true?
Transition from mach speeds to knots will happen at a higher altitude than if instructed to fly at 250 KIAS.
Transition from mach speeds to knots will happen at a lower altitude than if instructed to fly at 250 KIAS
Transition from Mach speed to knots will be at the same altitude regardless of speed.
Transition level is 18,000 feet (FL180) at all times.
**Transition from mach speeds to knots will happen at a lower altitude than if instructed to fly at 250 KIAS
EPR decreases on t/o roll
EPR decreases on climbout
Abort
icing?
Plane A best rate
Plane B best angle
Pick best statement
Plane A will get to altitude faster but Plane B will initially gain altitude quicker.
Load Factor
Lift/Weight
On appch 5 miles from field. NDB, 090 approach course. You cross NDB and the tail shows 100 radial. Do you turn left or right to get on course?
Left Tail always rises
GPS fails. INS:
a. completely unreliable
b. updated by VOR so doesn’t matter
c. Accurate if you get GS from Radar
B
Balanced Field Takeoff
At v1, you lose a motor and takeoff/stop in same distance, which equals runway length.
Local altimeter is 29.85. You set 29.35. What are the ramifications?
You are indicating 500’ lower than your true altitude.
More swept wing = more or less Cl
Less Cl
Accumulator does all except:
a. Back up brakes
b. Back up cabin pressure
c. Thrust reversers
d. Store excess air/fluid
c. thrust reversers?
Why hydro fluid?
Incompressible
IAS not affected by stall speed. T/F
True
Holding a/s at 14,000?
230
Dehavlin Comet Design flaw
Square windows lead to stress cracks–metal fatigue
Question on Load shedding? AC Bus, DC Bus, Essential Bus, util Bus
Util Bus (Droopy)
What is the FAF?
Beginning of the final approach segment.
ILS glideslope intersection should occur prior to the FAF
When do you adjust MDA/DH?
Significantly colder or hotter than standard
When do the Runway Edge Lights turn Red
CENTERLINE lights alternate
RUNWAY edge lights are
Well, red lights mark end of runway. Yellow Prior.
white/red at 3000’ remaining. They turn RED at 1,000 remaining.
AMBER for the last 2000’ of the runway
Hydroplane speed
Dynamic:
Reverted Rubber:
9xSQRT(TirePressure) (tires already moving)
7.7xSQRT(TirePressure) (tires haven’t spun up–so at landing)
Electrical fire first step
Put mask on first
STATOR BLADES
Stator Blades are in between each blade in a compressor to aid ensuring correct axial flow into each next stage.
…
< X kts crosswind vortices will linger on the upwind side
< 5 kts
Largest Wingtip vortices when an aircraft is:
Heavy
Clean
Slow
What’s NOT right about holding?
Timing at and above 14,000’ = 1.5 min (It’s 14,001 and up). Tricky!
Swept wings increase or decrease directional stability?
.
Increase. When a/c is rotated about vertical axis leading wing has more frontal area and more lift, therefore more drag, pulling wing aft–back to position
Swept wings increase or decrease longitudinal stability?
Increase. It moves the Center of Lift (Center or Pressure) further aft.
Swept wings increase or decrease lateral stability?
Increase. It acts the same as dihedral effects.
Mca
MAX CRITICAL AOA
Any increase in AoA or load factor, or decrease in power will result in a stall
What increases turn rate?
More Airspeed More G (load factor)
What increases turn radius? Less bank More Airspeed Less g (load factor) --although bank and g are related if a level turn
MORE AIRSPEED
What 2 factors affect lift in a turn?
AOA
Speed
L =AOA x Velocity (When in a steady state turn, if velocity increases then AOA must decrease to hold turn rate)
For a given AOA, TAS increases or decreases with altitude.
TAS increases with altitude…not quite understanding this one.
Spoilers
Disrupt airflow over top. Lose lift (increasing descent rate) without increasing speed.
Leading edge devices–slats
Move forward at high AOA creating an opening that allows air to flow over upper surface delaying separation.
-may increase camber and wing area
Leading edge devices–fixed slots
- Allow smooth flow over upper wing surface delaying airflow separation
- doesn’t increase camber
- delays stall to a higher AOA
Trim Tab purpose.
To lessen stick forces. It moves the OPPOSITE direction as the elevator.
What is an anti servo tab? Where is it mounted?
Mounted on the trailing edge of the stabilator. It moves the SAME direction as the stab. It’s purpose is to provide feedback on the yoke to prevent over control.
A SKID is:
- too much rudder
- not enough rudder
Too much rudder
A slip is:
- too much rudder
- not enough rudder
Not enough rudder
T/F Mcrt can cause “Mach Tuck” effect
True. Disrupted airflow off wings creates a loss of downwash over elevator, causing a pitch down moment. (Cl moves aft which causes a nose down pitching moment)
T/F A swept wing stalls tip first and can cause a pitch UP moment.
True. This is a disadvantage. It occurs due to a span wise flow (toward the tips) at slow speed causing a boundary layer increase at the tips.
T/F Mcrt is increased as wings are swept
True
Mcrt is lower or higher at a higher altitude?
Lower. As you climb, Mcrt decreases. I THINK due to an AOA increase.
ACTUALLY DUE TO THE SPEED OF SOUND DECREASING DUE TO THE TEMPERATURE DECREASING.
Define Mcrt
Mcrt is the speed at which airflow first reaches speed of sound over any part of the airplane.
Which temp gives the greatest Mach?
The COLDEST temp
THAT COULD BE RIGHT BECAUSE THE SPEED OF SOUND DECREASES WITH THE COLD AIR AT ALTITUDE.
Which has a higher TAS? 0.95M at 30K or 0.95M at 10K?
0.95M at 10K
THAT IS CORRECT. AS ALT INCREASES SPEED OF SOUND DECREASES. SO IT IS HARDER TO GO A FASTER MACH SPEED AT A LOWER ALT.
