2 - Development of Offending Flashcards
What are the four levels of theories of crime?
Individual, group, community, societal
What is social learning theory?
Social learning theory suggests we can learn behaviours vicariously through observing others
What is good and bad about social learning theory as it concerns criminal behaviour?
Social learning theory is good because it does not assume pathology in the development of criminal behaviour. It is bad because it does not explain why some learn criminal behaviour whilst others do not.
What does the cognitive theory of crime regarding intelligence suggest?
That being less intelligent creates a multitude of factors that make a person more vulnerable to criminal activity such as low employment opportunities
What does the cognitive theory of crime regarding self-regulation suggest?
That lower levels of self-regulation lead to criminal behaviours
What did raine (2002) find about the development of aggressive behaviours?
Prefrontal deficits, low autonomic arousal and early health factors lead to the development of aggressive behaviour
What factors are considered in biological theories of crime? What is a good example of this?
Hormones, neurotransmitters, and temperament. A good example of this is the link between testosterone and aggression.
What theory of crime did Hans Eysenck propose?
The biosocial theory of crime - it is a combination of social and biological factors that leads to criminal behaviour
Why do many criminals start offending in childhood?
Punitive treatment of children, lack of love or rejection, lack of supervision, family disruption, deviant parents
What do video games have to do with crime?
Violent video games seem to be associated with higher levels of violent behaviour
How do they do this?
Practice the repeating of violent behaviour, reinforcement through reward, develop a script for acting aggressively, desensitize the player to violence and aggression
