2(d) Reactivity series

Question 1

what metals react with water?

Answer 1

calcium and up

Question 2

what metals react with dilute acids?

Answer 2

only metals above hydrogen (iron and above)

Question 3

what forms when acids react with metals?

Answer 3

metal + acid –> salt + hydrogen gas

Question 4

what metals displace what metals?

Answer 4

more reactive metals will displace a less reactive metal from its compond

Question 5

how to compare the reactivity of 2 metals?

Answer 5

using displacement reactions in salt solutions of one of the metals

Question 6

how do displacement reactions display reactivity of metals?

Answer 6

This is easily seen as the more reactive metal slowly disappears from the solution, displacing the less reactive metal

Question 7

mnemonic for the reactivity series order?

Answer 7

Please
Send
Lions
Cats (calcium)
Monkeys
And
Cute (carbon)
Zebras
Into
Hot
Countries (copper)
Signed
Gordon

Question 8

what is rusting?

Answer 8

it is a chemical reaction between iron, water and O2 to form hydrated iron (III) oxide

Question 9

what must be present for rusting to occur?

Answer 9

O2 and H2O

Question 10

what type of process is rusting?

Answer 10

it is a redox process

Question 11

when does rusting occur faster?

Answer 11

in salty water since the presence of sodium chloride speeds up the reaction

Question 12

rust equation?

Answer 12

4Fe + 3O2 + xH2O –> 2He2O2.xH2O

Question 13

preventing rusting?

Answer 13

• barrier method
• galvanizing
• sacrificial protection
• sacrificial corrosion

Question 14

barrier method?

Answer 14

rust can be prevent by coating iron with barriers that present the iron from coming into contact with water and O2

Question 15

dis of barrier method?

Answer 15

if the coating is washed away or scratch then the metal is exposed and will rust

Question 16

common barrier methods?

Answer 16

grease, oil, plastic, paint

Question 17

galvanizing?

Answer 17

the process where the iron to be protected is coated with a layer of zinc

Question 18

what happens if the layer of zinc in galvanizing is damaged or scratched?

Answer 18

the iron is still protected from rusting because the zinc preferentially corrodes as it is higher up in the reactivity series than iron

Question 19

sacrificial corrosion?

Answer 19

• more reactive metal is intentionally allowed to corrode (occurs n ships which ill have a large block of Mg or Zn attached

Question 20

is iron oxidation or reduction?

Answer 20

iron is oxidation

Question 21

oxidation?

Answer 21

any reaction in which a substance gains oxygen (opposite of a reduction reaction)

Question 22

reduction?

Answer 22

reaction where a substance loses oxygen

Question 23

redox reaction?

Answer 23

oxidation cannot occur without reduction happening simultaneously, hence these are called redox reactions

Question 24

oxidization in terms of electrons?

Answer 24

loses electrons