2: Cytoplasma Flashcards

1
Q

Modifikationen am N-Terminus

A
  1. cotranslationale Entfernung von Formyl durch Deformylase
  2. cotranslationale Entfernung von Met durch spez. Aminopeptidasen
  3. Modifikation der α Aminogruppe
    - > Acetylierung, Methylierung, Myristolyation von G
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2
Q

Internal Modifikationen

A
  1. O-phosphorylation
  2. N-phosphorylation
  3. O-glycosylation
  4. Acetylation
  5. S-Nitrosylation
  6. Polyglutamylation, Polyglycylation
  7. Methylierung
  8. Tagging durch kleinere Proteine
  9. Proteolytische Verarbeitung
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3
Q

Molecular Crowding

A

Hohe Konzentration von teilweise oder ungefalteten Proteinen.
void volume effect: Erhöhung der Affinitäten und Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten

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4
Q

Chaperones

A
  1. exit site chaperones (trigger factor)
  2. HSP70 system (DnaK, DnaJ, GrpE)
  3. Prefoldin/GimC
  4. Chaperonins
  5. Foldosome - HSP90
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5
Q

Ubiquitin-related systems

A
  1. UBL - forms conjugate

2. UDP - doesn’t form conjugate

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6
Q

Degradation by lysosomes

A
  1. Macroautophagy = degradation of large areas
  2. Microautophagy = degradation of areas
  3. Chaperone-mediated autophagy = selective uptake of “bad” proteins
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