Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

YEAR 12 DOUBLE AWARD BIOLOGY > 2. Circulatory system > Flashcards

2. Circulatory system Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the main parts of the circulatory system

A

Heart, blood vessels, blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 main functions of the circulatory system

A

Transport
Protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the four chambers of heart called

A

Right and left atrium
Right and left ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the name of the muscle of the heart

A

Cardiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

WHat is the name of the blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen and glucose

A

Coronary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the name of the blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart

A

Vena cava - to Right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the route taken by Red blood cell travelling from kidney back to the kidney

A

kidney
Renal vein
Vena cava
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Aorta
Renal Artery
kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are pulmonary artery and vein different to other arteries and veins

A

Pulmonay artery only artery to carry deoxygenated blood
Pulmonay vein only vein to carry oxygenated blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the heart describe as

A

A unidirectional pump - as valves ensures blood travels in one direction - prevents backflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is meant by a double circulation

A

The blood has to go through the heart twice (left and right side) for one complete circuit of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How are arteries different to veins

A

Arteries have thick muscular and elastic walls whereas veins have thin walls of muscle and elastic
Arteries have a small lumen - veins have a large lumen
Arteries do not have valves but veins have valves
Arteries carry blood at high pressure whereas veins carry blood at low pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe the structure of capillaries

A

Walls only one cell thick to allow the exchange of materials
blood travels at low pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the name of the blood vessel that travels from the intestines to liver

A

Hepatic portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of red blood cells and describe how its structure allows this

A

Contain haemoglobin to carry oxygen
Have no nucleus so more room for oxygen and haemoglobin
Have biconcave shape so large surface area to carry oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 2 types of white blood cells and what are their roles

A

Both for defence against disease
Lymphocytes produce antibodies to destroy microbes
Phagocytes engulf and digest microbes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the role of platelets

A

To produce a scab or clot blood by converting fibrinogen to fibrin - this forms a mesh which traps the blood

17
Q

What is the function of plasma

A

Liquid part of blood that transports materials eg carbon dioxide, nutrients such as amino acids or glucose, hormones, antibodies and blood cells

18
Q

What causes a heart attack

A

Cholesterol builds up in lining of coronary artery
Less blood or if blockage no blood can pass through that artery
less/no oxygen or glucose
Less/no respiration
Muscle cells die
Heart attack

19
Q

What causes a stroke

A

Cholesterol builds up in lining of blood vessels supplying brain
Less blood or if blockage no blood can pass through that artery
less/no oxygen or glucose
Less/no respiration
brain cells die
Stroke

20
Q

What are the 2 types of cardiovascular diseases

A

Heart attack
Stroke

21
Q

What is the name of the surgical process to treat cardiovascular disease

A

Angioplasty
Insertion of stent into artery - this is inserted with a balloon - balloon inflated which expands the stent and widens the artery so more blood can flow - more oxygen and glucose - more respiration

22
Q

What treatment is taken to lower cholesterol levels

A

Statins

23
Q

What treatment is taken to reduce risk of heart attack

A

Aspiriin – to thin blood and make it less sticky

24
Q

What lifestyle factors will help reduce risk of heart disease and strokes

A

Less stress
Stop smoking
Reduce alcohol intake
More exercise

YEAR 12 DOUBLE AWARD BIOLOGY (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions