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Maternal and Child Health Nursing > [2](CH-26) - High Risk Newborn > Flashcards

[2](CH-26) - High Risk Newborn Flashcards

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1
Q

Refers to a newborn whose birth weight is inappropriately low for gestational age.

A

Dysmature

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2
Q

Refers to the number of weeks the newborn remained in utero.

A

Gestational Age

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3
Q

Refers to when in the first few seconds of life, a severely (Respiratory) depressed newborn may take several weak gasps of air and then almost immediately stop breathing, resulting in a decrease in the heart rate.

A

Primary Apnea

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4
Q

Common first signs of obstruction or respiratory compromise in newborns.

A
  • Steadily increasing respiratory rate
  • Grunting
  • Nasal Flaring
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5
Q

Common causes of Hypovolemia immediately after birth

A
  • Placenta Previa
  • Twin to Twin Transfusion
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6
Q

Refers to the accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin into the brain cells. Is also defined as, the destruction of brain cells by invasion of indirect or unconjugated bilirubin (Iskander & Gamaleldin, 2021).

A

Acute Bilirubin Encephalopathy (ABE)

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7
Q

Refers to open beds that have an attached overhead source of radiant heat and provide both warmth for the neonate and visibility for observation.

A

Radiant Heat Warmers

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8
Q

Originally referred to as Kangaroo Care. Refers to when a parent’s skin is in direct contact with the neonate’s skin to maintain body heat

A

Skin to Skin Care

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9
Q

Refers to neonates born after the beginning of week 38 and before week 42 of pregnancy

A

Term

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10
Q

Refers to neonates born after week 20 and before week 37 of pregnancy

A

Preterm

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11
Q

Refers to neonates born after the end of week 41 of pregnancy

A

Postterm

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12
Q

Refers to infants weighing less than 2,500 g at birth.

A

Low Birth Weight (LBW) Infant

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13
Q

Refers to infants weighing less than 1,500 g at birth.

A

Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) Infant

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14
Q

Refers to infants weighing less than 1,000 g at birth.

A

Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) Infant

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15
Q

Refers to infants born between week 34 and week 37 of pregnancy.

A

Late Preterm

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16
Q

Refers to infants born between week 24 and week 34 of pregnancy.

A

Early Preterm

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17
Q

The exact cause of premature labor and labor birth is?

A

Unknown

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18
Q

Refers to lung collapse.

A

Pneumothorax

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19
Q

Refers to when normal cells are few in number.

A

Normocytic Anemia

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20
Q

Refers to bleeding into the tissue surrounding the ventricles

A

Periventricular Hemorrhage

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21
Q

Refers to bleeding into the ventricles

A

Intraventricular Hemorrhage

22
Q

Refers to an excess amount of Bilirubin in the blood.

A

Hyperbilirubinemia

23
Q

Refers to an increase in the absolute red blood cell (RBC) mass in the body.

A

Polycythemia

24
Q

What is the abbreviation for Appropriate for Gestational Age?

A

AGA

25
Q

What is the abbreviation for Small for Gestational Age?

A

SGA

26
Q

What is the abbreviation for Large for Gestational Age?

A

LGA

27
Q

What does AGA mean?

A

Appropriate for Gestational Age

28
Q

What does SGA mean?

A

Small for Gestational Age

29
Q

What does LGA mean?

A

Large for Gestational Age

30
Q

Another term to call an SGA infant.

A

Microsomia

31
Q

Refers to when an infant fails to grow at the expected rate in utero.

A

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)

32
Q

What is a major contributor to IUGR?

A

Lack of adequate Nutrition

33
Q

Other term used to call an LGA infant.

A

Macrosomia

34
Q

Refers to a rare condition characterized by general body overgrowth and congenital anomalies such as omphalocele.

A

Beckwith—Wiedemann Syndrome

35
Q

Refers to when the wide fetal shoulders cannot pass or need significant manipulation to pass through the outlet of the pelvis.

A

Shoulder Dystocia

36
Q

How many weeks does a placenta continue to function effectively?

A

40 Weeks

37
Q

Refers to the cessation in respirations lasting longer than 20 seconds, sometimes accompanied by bradycardia and/or cyanosis.

A

Apnea

38
Q

Is a gastrointestinal disease that occurs when the bowel develops necrotic patches, interfering with digestion and possibly leading to a paralytic ileus, perforation, and peritonitis. It occurs because of anoxia to the bowel and so may result as a complication of exchange transfusion or an episode of breathing difficulty.

A

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

39
Q

Is an acquired ocular disease that leads to partial or total blindness in children, is caused by vasoconstriction of immature retinal blood vessels. A high concentration of oxygen has been established as the causative agent.

A

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)

40
Q

A serious lung disorder caused by immaturity and inability to produce surfactant, resulting in hypoxia and acidosis.

A

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

41
Q

Refers to generalized infection in the newborn; a clinical syndrome of systemic illness accompanied by bacteremia.

A

Neonatal Sepsis

42
Q

Refers to sudden unexplained death in infancy.

A

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

43
Q

What is the peak age of incidence of SIDS?

A

2-4 months of age

44
Q

What is the cause of SIDS?

A

Unknown

45
Q

Refers to the orange-yellow pigment of bile, formed principally by the breakdown of the hemoglobin in red blood cells after termination of their normal lifespan

A

Bilirubin

46
Q

Refers to yellowish discoloration of the tissues. Occurs when bilirubin is deposited to fatty tissues

A

Jaundice

47
Q

Refers to an abnormal toxic accumulation of bilirubin in the central nervous system tissues caused by hyperbilirubinemia.

A

Kernicterus

48
Q

Refers to prolonged severe spasm of the muscles, causing the back to arch acutely, the head to bend back on the neck, the heels to bend back on the legs, and the arms and hands to flex rigidly at the joints.

A

Opisthotonus

49
Q

What is a normal bilirubin value? and when does it become abnormal?

A

Normal Value:
- 2-6 mg/100 mL OR Not exceeding 12 mg/100 mL

Abnormal Value:
- Exceeding 12-13 mg/100 mL

50
Q

What are the common complications of a postmature/postterm infant?

A

Hypoglycemia & Hypothermia

51
Q

What are the acute conditions that neonates experience?

A
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
  • Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
  • Sepsis
  • Hyperbilirubinemia
  • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Maternal and Child Health Nursing (2 decks)

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