2 Basic Components Of Living things (Cell Biology) Flashcards
Define “organelle”
Membrane bound structures in cells
Define “ultrastructure”
Fine detail of cells
Define “compartmentalisation”
Separation of processes by putting them into organelles to keep them apart from the rest of the cell
What are the 4 types of microscope?
- light microscope (LM)
- transmission electron microscope (TEM)
- scanning electron microscope (SEM)
- laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM)
Define “resolution”
The ability to see individual objects as separate entities
Define “magnification”
How many times larger the image is than the actual size of the object being viewed
Define “prokaryote”
A single-cell organism that doesn’t contain a nucleus or other membrane bound structures
Define “eukaryote”
An organism that has cells that contain nucleus and other membrane bound structure
How does TEM work?
- electrons are fired at the sample and are transmitted through
- produce a 2D image
- denser part absorbs more electrons so appears darker
How does SEM work?
- electrons are fired across the sample and are reflected when they hit the surface of the sample
- electrons are collected in a cathode ray tube
- produces a 3D image
How does LSCM work?
- inject a fluorescent dye in the sample
- a laser is used to scan the sample
- causes fluorescent light to be emitted from the sample
- the light is focused through a pin-hole to produce a 2D image
- multiple layers can be scanned to produce a 3D image
Function of nucleolus?
Makes RNA
What is chromatin?
Uncondensed DNA
Function of nuclear pores?
Allow mRNA to get out
Function of RER?
Translation takes place
