2(b) Cells Flashcards
Describe cell structures, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes and vacuole
Describe the functions of the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes and vacuole
Nucleus
* Controls DNA and controls the activities of the cell.
Cytoplasm
* Site of chemical reactions.
Cell membrane
* Controls what enters and exits the cell. It is selectively permeable.
Cell wall
* Maintains shape of cell and provides structure made of cellulose.
Mitochondria
* Site of aerobic respiration.
Chloroplasts
* Site of photosynthesis. Contains chlorophyll.
Ribosomes
* Site of protein synthesis
Vacuole
* Stores cell sap-water, sugar and pigment.
Know the similarities and differences in the structure of plant and animal cells
Both:
* Mitochondria
* Nucleus
* Cell membrane
* Ribosome
* Cytoplasm
Plant:
* Cell wall
* Vacuole
* Chloroplast
Explain the importance of cell differentiation in the development of specialised cells
- It allows cells to specialize and perform specific functions in an organism..
- Differentiation is controlled by genes in the nucleus.
- It enables the formation of tissues and organs.
- Without differentiation, complex multicellular organisms would not exist.