2) ATOMS, ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS Flashcards
What are atoms
The basic unit of matter, the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.
What are elements
A pure substance made up of only one type of atom chemically bonded.
What are compounds
A substance formed when two or more different elements chemically combine in fixed positions
What are isotopes
Different atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
Why do all isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties
They have the same number of electrons, therefore the same electronic configuration.
What is an ionic bond
A strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
List 6 properties of ionic compounds
1) They are soluble in water
2) They are non-volatile
3) Good electrical conductivity when aqueous or molten
4) High melting and boiling points
5) High density
6) Solid at room-temperature
What is a covalent bond
A covalent bond is the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms leading to a noble gas configuration.
What are four properties of covalent bonds
1) Low melting and boiling points
2) Poor electrical conductivity
3) Gases at room temperature
4) They are non volatile
Define giant covalent structures
The continuous three dimensional network of covalent bond
Two properties of diamonds
1) Doesn’t conduct electricity
2) High melting and boiling point
Two properties of graphite
1) Can conduct electricity
2) High melting and boiling point
Two properties of Silicon IV oxide
1) Doesn’t conduct electricity
2) High melting point
What are metallic bonds
The electrostatic force between the positive ions in a giant metallic lattice and sea of delocalized electrons.
What are three properties of metals
1) Good electrical conductivity
2) Good thermal conductivity
3) They are malleable and ductile
