2. Argument Structure

Question 1

logical strength

Answer 1

how well premises would support the conclusion if they were true

Question 2

sound

Answer 2

premises would support the conclusion AND they are true

Question 3

cogent

Answer 3

an argument that’s premises are convincing to the audience and they realize it is logically strong

Question 4

deductive validity

Answer 4

if all premises were true, they would guarantee the truth of the conclusion

Question 5

modus ponens

Answer 5

if P then Q
P

Q

Question 6

Modus Tollens

Answer 6

if P then Q
not Q

not P

Question 7

Hypothetical Syllogism

Answer 7

f p then q
if q then r
therefore if p then r

Question 8

T structure

Answer 8

premises only support the conclusion when taken together

Question 9

V structure

Answer 9

premises provide individual support for the conclusion

Question 10

what it takes for a deductive argument to be invalid

Answer 10

conclusion does not follow from the premises

Question 11

examples of argument form guaranteeing validity

Answer 11

modus ponens, modus tollens, disjunctive/hypothetical syllogism

Question 12

sentential logic

Answer 12

replacing simple sentences with placeholders but keeping sentential operators

Question 13

disjunctive syllogism

Answer 13

either P or Q
Not Q

P