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SF1 - Test 4 > 2 - Aldridge - Anterior and Posterior Forearm > Flashcards

2 - Aldridge - Anterior and Posterior Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What is orientation of radius to ulna in supination?

A

Parallel

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

What is the orientation of forearm bones during pronation?

A

Radius crosses anterior to Ulna during pronation

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4
Q
A
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5
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6
Q
A
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7
Q

Which is greater in the hand–adduction or abduction, and why?

A

Adduction > Abduction

Due to longer length of the radius vs ulna

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8
Q

Scaphoid Fracture

A

Fracture through middle of scapoid disrupts blood supply to proximal half, resulting in ischemic necrosis

Palmar carpal branch of radial artery enteres distal half in 10% of population

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9
Q

Carpal Tunnel Contents

A
  1. Long Flexor Tendons (to middle 4 fingers)
  2. Flexor Pollicis Longus (long flexor tendon to thumb)
  3. Median Nerve
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10
Q

Innervation and action of anterior compartment of forearm?

A

Action:

Flexor / Pronator

Innervation:

All Median

Exception - Flexor Carpi Ulnaris innervated by ulnar nerve

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11
Q

Superficial Group of Anterior Forearm

A
  1. Pronator Teres
  2. Flexor Carpi Radialis
  3. Palmaris Longus
  4. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (Ulnar N.)
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12
Q

Intermediate Group of Anterior Forearm

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Pass through carpal tunnel

Each tendon of insertion splits into two slips to leave gap for long tendons

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13
Q

Deep Group of Anterior Forearm

A
  1. Flexor Digitorum Profundus (carpal tunnel)
  2. Flexor Pollicis Longus (carpal tunnel)
  3. Pronator Quadratus (flat square muscle)
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14
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus innervation

A

Lateral Half: Median Nerve

Medial Half: Ulnar Nerve

Tendons of insertion pass through two tendinous slips of flexor digitorum superficialis

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15
Q

What surrounds tendons in the hand and wrist to prevent wear and tear?

A

Synovial Sheaths

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16
Q

Trigger Finger

A

Thickening of a fibrous digital sheath on the palmar aspect of the digit

Flexor Digitorum Longus/Flexor Digitorum Superficialis can catch on fibrous digital sheath

Patient has difficulty extending phalanges at interphalangeal joints

17
Q

Risk Factors for Trigger Finger

A

Occupation or hobbies that involve repetitive hand use, prolonged gripping

Patients w/Rheumatoid Arthiritis

18
Q

What muscles allow Supination to Pronation?

What muscles allow Protation to Supination?

A

Supination to Pronation:

Pronator Teres

Pronator Quadratus

Pronation to Supination:

Supinator

Biceps Brachii

19
Q

Major branches of median nerve in forearm?

A

Anterior Interosseous Nerve: Originates between two heads of Pronator Teres

Palmar Cutaeous Branch of Median Nerve: Originates proximal to Flexor Retinaculum

20
Q

Major branches of Ulnar Nerve in forearm

A

Palmar Cutaneous Branch

Dorsal Cutaneous Branch

21
Q

Common Action of Posterior Compartment of Forearm

A

Extensors and Supinators

22
Q

Muscles of Superficial Group of Posterior Forearm

A
  1. Brachioradialis (flexor innervated by radial nerve)
  2. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
  3. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
  4. Extensor Digitorum
  5. Extensor Digiti Minimi
  6. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
  7. Anconeus
23
Q

Insertions of muscles of posterior forearm

A

Tendons split into a central slip that inserts on middle phalanx and two side slips that insert on distal phalanx

24
Q

Mallet Finger

A

Rupture of side slips of extensor digitorum that inserts on distal phalanx of fingers due to hyperflexion of DIP joint

Distal phalanx is flexed due to tear of lateral slips of extensor expansion and unopposed action of long flexors

TIP OF FINGER FLEXED

25
Q

Boutonniere Deformity

A

Hyperflexion of PIP joint and hyperextension of DIP joint due to trauma to dorsum of finger

Rupture of central tendon of extensor expansion

- - -

MIDDLE OF FINGER FLEXED

26
Q

Muscles of Deep Group of Posterior Forearm

A
  1. Supinator
  2. Abductor Pollicis Longus
  3. Extensor Pollicis Brevis
  4. Extensor Pollicis Longus
  5. Extensor Indicis
27
Q

Extensor Retinaculum

A

Transverse thickening of deep fascia, holds extensor tendons in place

28
Q

Branches of radial nerve in forearm

A

Superficial Branch:

Descends in Anterior Forearm deep to brachioradialis

Sensory to dorsolateral hand and dorsal sides of proximal part of lateral 3.5 digits

Deep Branch:

Motor to most muscles of posterior compartment

29
Q

Anatomical Snuffbox

A

Borders:

Abductor Pollicis Longus Tendon

Extensor Pollicis Brevis Tendon

Extensor Pollicis Longus Tendon

Contents:

Trapezium and Scaphoid

Radial Artery

Radial Pulse can be taken here

30
Q

What is the only blood vessel that runs through the anatomical snuff box?

A

Radial artery

31
Q

Fracture of Scaphoid Bone?

A

Often fall on outstretched hand

Presentation: Pain, tenderness, swelling in anatomical snuffbox

32
Q

Damage to radial nerve in radial groove?

A

Can result in wrist drop

Can result in loss of sensation on the dorsal medial and slightly thumb palmar side

33
Q
A

SF1 - Test 4 (9 decks)

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