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SF1 - Test 4 > 1 - Zill - Muscles / Structures on Practical > Flashcards

1 - Zill - Muscles / Structures on Practical Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial Group

A

Origin - Vertebrae

Insert - Scapula, Clavicle, Humerus

Muscles:

Trapezius (traps)

Latissimus Dorsi (lats)

Levator Scapulae

Rhomboid Minor

Rhomboid Major

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2
Q

Muscle - Trapezius

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Trapezius

Origin

  • Skull (external occipital protuberance)
  • Fascia - Ligamentum nuchae
  • Vertebrae - spines C7, T1-T12

Insertion

  • Clavicle - lateral 1/3
  • Scapula - Acromion and Spine

Action

  • Elevates / Depresses Shoulder
  • Retracts scapula
  • Extends head

Nerve - Accessory Never (Cranial Nerve XI)

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3
Q

Muscle - Latissumus Dorsi

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Latissumus Dorsi (lats)

Origin

  • Vertebrae - Spines of T6 - T12
  • Fascia - Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Pelvic Bone - Iliac Crest

Insertion - Humerus (intertubercular groove)

Action

  • Adducts
  • Extends
  • Medial Rotate arm

Nerve - Thoracodorsal Nerve

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4
Q

Muscle - Levator Scapulae

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Levator Scapulae

Origin - Vertebrae - Transverse processes of C1 - C4

Insertion - Scapular - Superior angle and medial border

Action

  • Elevate scapula
  • Adduct scapula

Nerve - Dorsal scapular nerve

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5
Q

Muscle - Rhomboid Minor

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Rhomboid Minor

Origin - Vertebrae - Spines of C7, T1

Insertion- Scapula - Medial Border

Action - Elevates/Adducts Scapula

Nerve - Dorsal Scapular Nerve

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6
Q

Muscle - Rhomboid Major

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Rhomboid Major

Origin - Vertebrae - Spines T2 - T5

Insertion - Scapular - Medial border to inferior angle

Action - Elevates/Adducts Scapula

Nerve - Dorsal scapular nerve

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7
Q

Intermediate Group

A

Respiration

All Origin - Vertebrae

All Insert - Ribs

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8
Q

Muscle - Levatores Costarum

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Levatores Costarum

Origin - Vertebrae - Transverse processes of C7, T1-T11

Insertion - Ribs - Inferior to origin

Action - Raise ribs inspiration

Nerve - Dorsal rami of thoracic spinal nerves

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9
Q

Muscle - Serratus Posterior Superior

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Serratus Posterior Superior

Origin - Vertebrae - Spines of Cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae

Insertion - Ribs

Action - Raise ribs in inspiration

Nerve - Intercostal nerves

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10
Q

Muscle - Serratus Posterior

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Serratus Posterior

Origin - Spines of upper 2 lumbar and lower 2 thoracic vertebrae

Insertion - Ribs

Action - Lower ribs in expiration

Nerve - Intercostal nerves

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11
Q

Muscle - Splenius

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Splenius

Origin - Vertebrae - Spines T1 - T4

Insertion

  • Splenius Capitis to Skull - Occipital and temporal bones
  • Splenius Cervicis to Vertebrae - Transverse processes of C2 - C3

Action - Extend neck and head (rotate in unilateral direction)

Nerve - Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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12
Q

Muscle - Erector Spinae

  • Iliocostalis
  • Longissimus
  • Spinalis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Erector Spinae

  • Iliocostalis
  • Longissimus
  • Spinalis

Origin

  • Iliocostalis - Ilium and ribs
  • Longissimus - Tranverse processes of vertebrae
  • Spinalis - Spinous processes

Insertion

  • Iliocostalis - Ribs and transverse processes
  • Longissimus - Transverse processes of vertebrae
  • Spinalis - Spinous processes

Action - Extend trunk and vertebral column

Nerve - Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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13
Q

Muscle - Erector Spinae

  • Semispinalis
  • Multifidus
  • Rotatores

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Erector Spinae

  • Semispinalis
  • Multifidus
  • Rotatores

Origin - Transverse processes of vertebrae

Insertion - Spines of vertebrae superior to origin

  • Semispinalis - extend 5-6 vertebrae
  • Multifidus - extend 3-4 vertebrae
  • Rotatores - extend 1-2 vertebrae

Action - Extend trunk in bilateral direction, rotate vertebral column in unilateral action

Nerve - Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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14
Q

Muscle - Pectoralis Major

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Pectoralis Major

Origin

  • Clavicular Head - medial half of clavicle
  • Sternocostal Head - sternum and upper six costal cartilages

Insertion - Lateral lip of bicipital groove (intertubercular sulcus)

Action - Adducts, medially rotates and flexes the arm

Nerve - Medial and Lateral pectoral nerves

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15
Q

Muscle - Pectoralis Minor

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Pectoralis Minor

Origin - 3rd to 5th ribs near cartilages

Insertion - Coracoid process of scapula

Action - Stabilizes scapula

Nerve - Medial pectoral

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16
Q

Muscle - Serratus Anterior

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Serratus Anterior

Origin - Upper 8 ribs

Insertion - Medial (vertebral) border of scapula

Action

  • Rotates scapula
  • Draws scapula forward around thoracic wall (protraction)
  • Holds scapula against thoracic wall

Nerve - Long Thoracic (S.A.L.T.)

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17
Q

Muscle - Subclavius

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Subclavius

Origin - 1st Costal Cartilage

Insertion - Clavicle

Action - Anchors and depresses clavicle during upper limb movements

Nerve - Nerve to subclavius

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18
Q

Muscles of Pectoral Region

A

Pec. Major, Pec Minor, Serratus Ant., Subclavius

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19
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

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20
Q

Muscle - Deltoid

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Deltoid

Origin - Lateral clavicle, acromion process and spine of scapula

Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action

  • Anterior: Flexes and medially rotates arm
  • Middle: Abducts arm
  • Posterior: Extends and laterally rotates arm

Nerve - Axillary

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21
Q

Muscle - Supraspinatus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Supraspinatus

Origin - Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion - Humerus (greater tubercle)

Action - Initiates abduction of arm, stabilizes shoulder joint

Nerve - Suprascapular

Rotator Cuff Muscle

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22
Q

Muscle - Infraspinatus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Infraspinatus

Origin - Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion - Humerus (greater tubercle)

Action - Laterally rotates arm, stabilize shoulder joint

Nerve - Suprascapular

Rotator Cuff

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23
Q

Muscle - Teres minor

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Teres minor

Origin - Lateral border of scapula

Insertion - Humerus (greater tubercle)

Action - Laterally rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder joint

Nerve - Axillary

Rotator Cuff

24
Q

Muscle - Subscapularis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Subscapularis

Origin - Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion - Humerus (lesser tubercle)

Action - Medially rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder joint

Nerve - Upper and lower subscapular

Rotator Cuff

25
Q

Muscle - Teres Major

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Teres Major

Origin - Inferior angle of scapula

Insertion - Medial lip of the interubercular groove of humerus

Action - Medially rotates and adducts arm

Nerve - Lower subscapular

26
Q

Mucles of the arms

A

Biceps Brachii

Coracobrachialis

Brachialis

Triceps Brachii

27
Q

Muscle - Biceps Brachii

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Biceps Brachii

Origin

  • Short: Coracoid Process
  • Long: Supraglenoid Tubercle

Insertion - Radial tuberosity

Action

  • Flexor of forearm at elbow joint
  • Supinator of forearm
  • Weak flex arm at glenohumral joint

Nerve - Musculocutaneous

28
Q

Muscle - Coracobrachialis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Coracobrachialis

Origin - Coracoid process

Insertion - Mid-shaft humerus

Action - Flexion of arm at gelnohumeral (shoulder) joint

Nerve - Musculocutaneous

29
Q

Muscle - Brachialis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Brachialis

Origin - Anterior Humerus

Insertion - Ulnar tuberosity

Action - Flexes forearm

Nerve - Musculocutaneous

30
Q

Muscle - Triceps Brachii

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Triceps Brachii

Origin

  • Long Head: Infraglenoid Tubercle
  • Lateral Head: Posterior lateral surface of humerus
  • Medial Head: Posterior medial surface of humerus

Insertion - Olecranon of ulna

Action - Extendw forearm

Nerve - Radial

31
Q

Anterior Forearm Muscles (superficial)

A

Pronator Teres (two heads - humeral / ulnar)

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus (variable)

Flexor carpi ulnaris (two heads - humeral / ulnar)

All Median Nerve, except Flexor carpi ulnaris

32
Q

Muscle - Pronator Teres

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Pronator Teres

Origin

  • Humeral Head: Medial epicondyle of humerus
  • Ulnar Head: Coronoid process of ulna

Insertion - Midshaft radius

Action - Pronates forearm

Nerve - Median

33
Q

Muscle - Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin - Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Action - Flexes and abducts hand at wrist joint

Nerve - Median Nerve

34
Q

Muscle - Palmar Longus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Palmar Longus

Origin - Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Palmar aponeurosis

Action - Flexes the wrist

Nerve - Median

Variable structure

35
Q

Muscle - Flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin

  • Humeral: Medial epicondyle of humerus
  • Ulnar: Olecranon of Ulna

Insertion - Pisiform, hook of hamate, and 5th metacarpal

Action - Flexes and adducts (ulnar deviates) hand at write

Nerve - Ulnar

36
Q

Muscles of Anterior Forearm - Intermediate Group

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (Two heads - Humeroulnar / Radial)

37
Q

Muscle - Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin

  • Humeroulnar: Medial epicondyle of humerus + coronoid process
  • Radial: Radius

Insertion - Sides of middle phalanx of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th digits by tendon that splits into two slips

Action - Flexes hand at wrist and digits 2-5 at metacarpophalangeal (MP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints

Nerve - Median

38
Q

Deep Group muscles of Anterior Forearm

A

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Pronator Quadratus

39
Q

Muscle - Flexor Pollicis Longus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Flexor Pollicis Longus

Origin - Radius and Int. Membrane

Insertion - Distal phalanx of thumb

Action - Flexes metacapophalangeal joint and interphalangeal joint of thumb

Nerve - Median

40
Q

Muscle - Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Origin - Ulna and Int. Membrane

Insertion - Distal phalanges of 2-5, Each tendon passes through bifurcation of tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis

Action - Flexes hand at wrist and metacarpophalangeal (MP) and distal interphalandeal (DIP) joints of digits 2-5

Nerve - Lateral half by median nerve, Medial half by ulnar nerve

41
Q

Muscle - Pronator Quadratus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Pronator Quadratus

Origin - Distal Ulna

Insertion - Distal Radius

Action - Pronation

Nerve - Median

42
Q

Muscles of the Posterior Forearm:

Common nerve?

Majority of action?

A

Common Nerve: Radial

Most Action: Extend digits + other actions

43
Q

Muscle - Brachioradialis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Brachioradialis

Origin - Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion - Distal radius

Action - Flexes forearm when forearm in mid-prone position

Nerve - Radial

44
Q

Muscle - Extensor carpi radialis longus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Extensor carpi radialis longus

Origin - Lateral supracondylar ridge of huerus

Insertion - Base of 2nd metacarpal

Action - Extends and abducts (radially deviates) the wrist

Nerve - Radial

45
Q

Muscle - Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Base of 2-3 metacarpal

Action - Extends and abducts (radially deviates) the wrist

Nerve - Radial

46
Q

Muscle - Extensor Digitorum

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Extensor Digitorum

Origin - Lateral humeral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Middle and distal phalanges of 2-5 digits via extensor expansions

Action - Extends digits 2-5 at MP, POP, and DIP joints, and extends hand at wrist

Nerve - Radial

47
Q

Muscle - Extensor Digiti Minimi

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Extensor Digiti Minimi

Origin - lateral humeral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion - Extensor hood of 5th digit

Action - Extends 5th digit

Nerve - Radial

48
Q

Muscle - Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin - Lateral humeral epicondyle

Insertion - Base of 5th metacarpal

Action - Extends and Adducts (ulnar deviates) wrist

Nerve - Radial

49
Q

Muscle - Anconeus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Anconeus

Origin - Lateral humeral epicondyle

Insertion - Olecranon of Ulna

Action - Accessory extensor of elbow (assists triceps), abducts ulna during pronation

Nerve - Radial

50
Q

Muscle - Supinator

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Supinator

Origin - Lateral humeral epicondyle and supinator crest of ulna

Insertion - Lateral upper radius

Action - Supinates forearm and hand

Nerve - Radial

51
Q

Muscle - Abductor pollicis longus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Abductor pollicis longus

Origin - Radius, Ulna, int. membrane,

Insertion - Base of 1st metacarpal

Action - Abducts thumb

Nerve - Radial

52
Q

Muscle - Extensor pollicis brevis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Extensor pollicis brevis

Origin - Radius and int. membrane

Insertion - Proximal phalanx of thumb

Action - Extends proximal phalanx of thumb

Nerve - Radial

53
Q

Muscle - Extensor pollicis longus

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Extensor pollicis longus

Origin - Ulna and int. membrane

Insertion - Distal phalanx of thumb

Action - Extends distal phalanx of thumb

Nerve - Radial

54
Q

Muscle - Extensor indicis

Origin

Insertion

Action

Nerve

A

Muscle - Extensor indicis

Origin - Ulna and int. membrane

Insertion - Extensor hood of index finger

Action - Extends 2nd digit

Nerve - Radial

55
Q
A

SF1 - Test 4 (9 decks)

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