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Question 1

Define ROR Rule 5 - Proper Look-out

Answer 1

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.

Question 2

Define ROR Rule 6 - Safe Speed

Answer 2

Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.

Question 3

What are the factors to be taken into account in determining a safe speed? (Without the use of operational radar)

Define ALL 6 factors

Answer 3

1) Visibility
2) Traffic Density (including concentrations of fishing vessels of any other vessels)
3) Manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing circumstances
4) At night, the presence of background lights such as from shore lights or from backscatter of her own lights
5) State of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards
6) Draught in relation to the available depth of water

Question 4

What are the factors to be taken into account in determining a safe speed? (With the use of operational radar)

Define ALL 6 factors

Answer 4

1) Characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment
2) Any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use
3) Effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference
4) Possibility of small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at an adequate range
5) The number, location and movement of vessels detected by radar
6) The more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity

Question 5

Define ROR Rule 7 - Risk of Collision

Answer 5

Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist.

Question 6

If scanty information provided by radar shows no risk of collision, is it safe to say that there is NO risk of collision?

YES or NO

Answer 6

NO.

Assumptions on the risk of collision shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information.

Question 7

List the two(2) considerations in determining if the risk of collision exists

Answer 7

1) Such risk shall be deemed to exists if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change
2) Such risk may sometimes exist EVEN when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range.

Question 8

What are the 3 key tenets in taking an action to avoid collision?

Answer 8

Any action to avoid collision shall be taken in accordance with the Rules of this Part, and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit,

1) Be positive
2) Made in ample time and
3) With due regard to the observance of good seamanship.

Question 9

Multiple successive but minor course alterations towards a general direction will suffice as an action to avoid collision.

TRUE or FALSE

Answer 9

FALSE

Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar

A succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.

Question 10

You are currently in the Pacific Ocean. You detect another vessel on a head-on situation 10nm away and you decide to alter course to starboard by 10 degrees. Is this action sufficient to avoid collision?

YES or NO. Why?

Answer 10

If there is sufficient sea-room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close quarters situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another close quarters situation.

In this example, you are in the Pacific Ocean. Chances are, there’s no other ships around except for the one 10nm ahead of you. As such, alteration of course is good enough.

Question 11

What do you do if you need more time to assess the situation?

Answer 11

If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.

HOWEVER
1) A vessel which, by any of these Rules, is required NOT to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel, when required by the circumstances of the case, take early action to allow sufficient sea-room for the safe passage of the other vessel.
(TL:DR Basically, take action early)

2) A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is not relieved of this obligation if approaching the other so as to involve risk of collision and shall, when taking action, have full regard to the action which may be required by the Rules of this part.
(TL:DR If you have no choice but to close in to the other vessel due to other traffic in the vicinity, make sure you are extra careful about this)

3) A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with the Rules of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision
(TL:DR Even if the other party is giving way to you, you make sure you take action if the other party’s action is not enough. Basically, don’t hit each other can already)

Question 12

When proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway, which side of the channel or fairway should you maintain?

Answer 12

Keep as near to the outer limit of the channel or fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable.

(Keep to the right so you can pass everyone PORT TO PORT)

Question 13

A vessel of _____________ in length or a ________ vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway

Answer 13

LESS THAN 20M

SAILING VESSEL

Question 14

A vessel engaged in _________ shall not impede the passage of ANY other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway

Answer 14

FISHING

Question 15

Sound Signals for

1) Intention to overtake on a narrow channel
2) Agreement to be overtaken in a narrow channel
3) If in doubt

Answer 15

1) PORT Side _ _ . . STBD Side _ _ .
2) Agreement _ . _ .
3) Doubt, 5 short blasts . . . . .

Question 16

You are approaching a bend on a narrow channel and cannot see who’s coming on the other side.

What is the sound signal you make?

Answer 16

One prolonged blast

Question 17

You are approaching a bend on a narrow channel and cannot see who’s coming on the other side. You hear one prolonged blast. What is happening? What sound signal do you make?

Answer 17

Someone is approaching the bend. I shall reply with one prolonged blast as well to let them know I will be looking out for them

Question 18

What is a TSS?

Answer 18

Traffic Separation Scheme

Question 19

What shall a vessel do when using a traffic separation scheme?

List the 3 things

Answer 19

1) Proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane
2) So far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone
3) Normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable

Question 20

You are currently NORTH of the TSS. You intend to cross the WESTBOUND TSS and join the EASTBOUND lane. What is the course you should cross the WESTBOUND TSS?

Answer 20

You should cross at a course of 180degrees.

A vessel shall, so far as practicable, avoid crossing traffic lanes but if obliged to do so shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow.

This is so that other ships can see you and make it very clear to them that you are crossing in that particular direction.

Question 21

A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. However, vessels of less than _______ in length, ______ vessels, and vessels engaged in ________ may use the inshore traffic zone.

Answer 21

20M
Sailing
Fishing

Question 22

Are other vessels allowed to use the inshore traffic zone?

YES or NO. Why?

Answer 22

A vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when enroute to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger.

Question 23

When can a vessel enter a separation zone or cross a separation line?

Answer 23

Normal situations

1) Crossing the TSS
2) Joining or leaving a lane

Non-normal situations

1) In cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger
2) To engage in fishing within a separation zone

Question 24

Give an example where a vessel RESTRICTED IN HER ABILITY TO MANOEUVRE within a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with the Rules (for Traffic Separation Scheme) to the extent necessary to carry out the operation?

Answer 24

1) Vessel engaged in the maintenance of safety of navigation in a TSS.
2) Vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up submarine cable in a TSS