Урок 2 Flashcards
Gene
Inherited Factor that determines a characteristic
Allele
One or two more alternative forms of a gene
Locus
Specific place on a chromosome occupied by an allele
Genotype
Set of alleles passed by an individual organism
Heterozygote
An individual possessing two different alleles at a locus
Homozygote
an individual possessing two of the same alleles at a locus
Phenotype
The appearance or manifestation of a character
Monohybrid cross
Cross between parents differed in a single characteristic
Reciprocal Cross
Crossing two parents of different traits
eg. wrinkly vs smooth
Dominant
If there, trait will be expressed (not always most common trait)
Recessive
Trait will only be expressed if two of them are together
Mendel’s First Law of Segregation
Each individual posseses two alleles coding for a trait. These separate when gametes are formed and alleles separate in equal proportions
Independent Assortment/Mendel’s 2nd Law
alleles at different loci separate independently
Test Cross
an individual of unknown genotype is crossed with another individual with a homozygous recessive genotype
Wild Type
Common allele for a character