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NBDE I NY > 2 > Flashcards

2 Flashcards

1
Q

Taste sensation umami related to which AA

A

Glutamate

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2
Q

Which surrounds nerve axon

A

endoneurium

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3
Q

which surrounds myofibril

A

endomysium

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4
Q

Brachial nerve for circumduction

A

Axillary n.

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5
Q

Fluoride mechanism for killing bacteria

A

prevents glycolysis (enolase)

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6
Q

End organ of sympathetic system

A

Adrenal medulla

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7
Q

Girl, dead erupted lower canine but not upper, rattle snake bites her lateral right forearm, hematoma on lateral rim of right orbit? (maybe left)

Age of girl
Bone or orbit likely broke
Line of radiolucency on left orbit lateral margin–what is it
Where would countercoup injury be
Which nerve is more prone to damage in the forearm

A 
9-10 (max canines erupt at 11-12)
zygomatic bone
normal suture
right sphenoid (opposite area of impact)
Radial n.
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8
Q

In a scar tissue there is bone formation what is this called

A

Metaplasia (osseous metaplasia)

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9
Q

Correct about apoptosis

A

stage of cell cycle can’t dive (g1?)

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10
Q

Decrease number and size of tissue

A

Hypoplasia (#) Hypotrophy (atrophy) (size)

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11
Q

Lack of differentiation

A

Anaplasia

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12
Q

Carcinoma that doesn’t perforate basement

A

dysplasia

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13
Q

In which can we see more squamous metaplasia

A

Bronhcial

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14
Q

Prothrombin acts with which to form thrombin

A

Ca2+

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15
Q

Fungal infection that leads to superficial skin disease

A

Trychophytom (mucormycosis also)

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16
Q

Hyphae & chlamidiospore of which fungus could be found on mucosa

A

Candida

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17
Q

Which could be seen as an intracellular organism

A

Histoplasmosis

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18
Q

Tract primarily for pain

A

Lateral spinothalamic

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19
Q

Phase of ovary when uterus is in secretory phase

A

Luteal

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20
Q

Which is NOT a glycoprotein

A

GH (peptide hormone)

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21
Q

NOT true about pregnancy hormone

A

Decreased Progesterone (it increases)

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22
Q

Controls movement of mixed foods in GI tract

A

Segmented

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23
Q

Which organ has active PEP carboxylase

A

Liver

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24
Q

Best term for burning of pyruvate

A

Oxidative carboxylation

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25
Q

Why diabetic pt. needs less insulin when exercising

A

Increased sensitivity of muscle to insulin

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26
Q

Which is NOT contributed in posterior wall of axilla

A

Humerus

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27
Q

Adenosine deaminase deficiency causes what disease

A

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

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28
Q

6th month pt. with pyogenic infection, Dr’s can’t palpate spleen, lymph nodes, doesn’t have thymus, low WBC, what is the pt’s problem?

A

SCID

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29
Q

Pt. mid-aged female with pelvic lymphadenopathy, oral mucosa ulcer, very low WBC, pain, fever, what is the problem?

A

AML

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30
Q

EBV is related to

A

Burkitt Lymphoma

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31
Q

Which virus doesn’t have latent phase

A

Rhinovirus

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32
Q

Pt. is female–has edema, what is the cause of edema

A

Decrease protein in plasma (KWASH)

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33
Q

in Hypertensive heart, which is seen

A

Left Ventricular atrophy

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34
Q

Which needs arthropods vector

A

Ricketsia

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35
Q

Posterior tooth most likely missing

A

Mandibular 2nd premolar

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36
Q

Which is related to GI malignancy

A

Villous adenoma

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37
Q

Biggest triangular ridge on Facial cusp

A

Mandibular 1st premolar

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38
Q

Which tooth, lingual dimension is more than buccal dimension

A

Maxillary 1st molar

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39
Q

Tallest cusp of primary mandibular first molar

A

ML (DB for Mand. 2nd molar)

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40
Q

Which primary tooth has crown similar to PM and roots similar to Molars

A

25

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41
Q

Most symmetrical tooth

A

Mandibular central incisor

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42
Q

Highest osmolarity in kidney

A

Loop of henle in the medulla

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43
Q

Cross section shape of maxillary central incisor at CEJ

A

Triangular

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44
Q

Space between teeth in resting position

A

2-4 mm

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45
Q

Clicking, no symptoms, under stress, where is problem coming from

A

Lateral pterygoids

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46
Q

Which has the higher probability

A

Mesial Root of 1st Mand. Molar–2 canals

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47
Q

Which differentiates hepatocyte from other cells

A

Glucokinase

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48
Q

Which cell can’t you see in the periosteum

A

Chondroblast

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49
Q

Peg shaped tooth most likely seen in

A

Max laterals

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50
Q

Mesial contact of lower canine

A

Incisal third

Max: IJ–JM–JM–MM–MM–MJ (x3)

Mand: II–II–IM–MM–MM–JM (x3)

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51
Q

From frontal view, inclination of lower molar teeth is

A

lingual

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52
Q

Major microorganism found in dental abscesses with shape of branching

A

Actinomyces

53
Q

Mumps and measles belongs to which virus group

A

Paramyxoviruses

54
Q

Hep. C virus is a

A

RNA virus

55
Q

Sulfonamindes compete with what molecule in their MOA

A

ParaAminoBanzoicAcid (PABA)***

56
Q

Techincally, the receptor of T-cells are similar to which one

A

Fab

57
Q

Predominant cell in acute inflam. responses

A

PMN (neutrophil)

58
Q

Predominant cell in abscess

A

PMN (neutrophils)

59
Q

Force that holds lipid bilayer

A

Hydrophobic interaction

60
Q

Criteria determines progressive shift of nonworking condyle

A

Medial Wall of Glenoid Fossa

61
Q

Which is autosomal dominant

A

Gardner syndrome

62
Q

Inferior parathyroid origin is from what pouch

A

3rd POUCH–NOT ARCH

63
Q

What branchial arch is the body of the hyoid bone made of

A

3rd (could be 2nd)

64
Q

Pt has problem with external auditory meatus, what is the origin of this

A

1st Pharyngeal Cleft

65
Q

CASE:
6 week pregnant woman, Tetracycline for Rosacea

  • Which doesn’t occur until 6 weeks of fetal dev.
  • Which is seen in fetus, but not mother
  • Problem w/ tetracycline for fetus
  • After what time is it best for elective dental tx, as it should be after organogenesis of fetus
A
  • Palatal shelf fusion
  • Ductus venosous
  • Color change
  • 24 weeks
66
Q

Which muscle opens mouth (besides lat. pterygoid)

A

Geniohyoid

67
Q

Muscle that protrudes hyoid bone

A

Geniohyoid

68
Q

In dissection of vallecula which won’t you see

A

Inferior Laryngeal n.

69
Q

Esophagus starts at which point

A

Cricoid cartilage level

70
Q

CASE:
Female, left back stab at L1-2, adjacent to the vertebra, 12 cm depth, has mallory wise bodies on her esophagus and multiple mass on her uterus

  • Cause of mallory body
  • What is the mass on her uterus
  • Organ most likely damaged
A
  • Alcoholism
  • Leiomayoma
  • Kidney (T12-L3)
71
Q

Tetanus toxin MOA

A

Prevent inhibitor neurotransmitter (GABA)

72
Q

Toxin of Gas Gangrene organism has what kind of enzyme activity

A

Lipase (Lecithinase)

-Clostridium perfenigens

73
Q

Lipid A with Polysacch. core is in which organism

A

Gram Negative bacteria

74
Q

Clostridium tetani are all of the following

A

Gram +
Anaerobic
Spores (from soil or GI of animals)
Rods (before spores form)

75
Q

Action of pill in organism pathogenicity

A

Adhesion and attachment to cell

76
Q

When do cardiac muscles start to contract

A

Influx of Ca2+ from outside

77
Q

Regulation of smooth muscle contraction is controlled by

A

Myosin Light Chain Kinase (MLCK)

78
Q

Which molecule in skeletal muscle is bound to Ca2+

A

Troponin C (Calmodulin (CAM) in smooth muscle)

79
Q

Which is an intracellular element of glucagone

A

cAMP

80
Q

Mechanism of Graves disease

-What do lab tests show

A

Ig against TSH receptor

-Increased T3 & T4, Decreased TSH (also TSI AB’s and radio iodine uptake)

81
Q

Origin of Pons and Medulla

A

Rhombdocephalon (metencephalon and mesencephalon)

82
Q

Where is the Rushkof Plexus in the pulp

A

Cell Free Zone of Pulp

83
Q

Vitamin C is needed for what

A

Prolyl hydroxylase (Prolinehydoxylase)–collagen formation

84
Q

Put RBC in hypotonic solution, what happens

A

Hemolysis

85
Q

Which is best for GFR

A

Inulin–mesures excretion rate (not reabsorbed nor secreted by kidney after GFR)

86
Q

Not normal flora of nasopharynx

A

Bordetalla pertussis

87
Q

What causes whooping cough

A

Bordetalla pertussis

88
Q

Vaccine for whooping cough/bordetalla pertussis is what type

A

Toxoid (inactive extoxins) &

Purified Protein type

89
Q

Which is NOT a autoimmune disease

A

Erythroblastosis fetalis

-Alloimmune IgG of mother–>placenta and attacks RBC’s of fetus (causes anemia and reticulocytosis)

90
Q

Which organ are Centroacinar cells seen in

A

Pancreas

91
Q

Which is not a function of the spleen

A

Platelet lysis (RBC occurs in fetus)

92
Q

Which is posterior to the aorta

A

Right kidney

93
Q

Which is innervated by vagus nerve

A

Transverse colon

94
Q

Mechanism of Rifampin

A

RNA synthesis inhibitor

Inhibits DNA-Dep-RNA polymerase which directly stops mRNA TRANSCRIPTION

95
Q

MOA of Fluorouracil

A

Suicide Inhibitor of Thymidylate Syn

96
Q

Which is NOT correct about PCR

A

Plasmid mediated method/uptake

97
Q

Histones are synthesized in which phase of the cell cycle

A

S-phase

98
Q

Which one plays important role in detecting starting codons on RNA transcription

A

Sigma part

99
Q

DNA finger print works via

A

Restriction fragment length polymer

100
Q

Process of protein synthesis from RNA

A

Translation

101
Q

Lymph of anterior mandibular teeth drain to

A

Submental

102
Q

Serous demilumes are seen in which gland

A

Sublingual

103
Q

Which nerve innervates soft palate

A

Lesser palatal n.

104
Q

Which muscles actions are producing sound by approximating two vocal cords

A

Lateral Cricothyroid

Trans arrythenoid

105
Q

Last two terminal branches of ECA

A

Sup. Temporal & Maxillary arteries

106
Q

Pt. one day after extraction of maxillary 3rds came with hematoma–cause of hematoma?

A

Needle violated pterygoid plexus

107
Q

Pathogen most likely involved in abscess of angle of mandible

A

A. Israelli (Lumpy Jaw)

108
Q

Cause of half facial paralysis after IAN

A

Injection into Parotid gland

109
Q

After metabolic or respiratory acidosis, which abnormality or electrolytes is more likely possible

A

Hyperkalemia

110
Q

In a cell, where does N-glycosylation occur

A

RER

111
Q

When does a primary lysosome become secondary

A

Once primary lysosome combines with phagosome

112
Q

Most common anemia

A

Iron def. anemia

113
Q

Which molecule transfers iron in the blood

A

Transferin

114
Q

Which is correct about cholesterol synthesis pathway

A

Has SQUALIN as pathway intermediate

115
Q

Punched in face, Angle of mandible had ecchymosis and swelling. What caused this

A

Hematoma–Ecchymosis

116
Q

Glucose is sequestered by which enzyme

A

Hexokinase

117
Q

Component of teeth does not come from Neural Crest cells

A

Enamel (enamel organ)

118
Q

Mesial furcation on Max 1st molar is located where

A

Half-way between MB and palatal root

119
Q

What intrinsic muscle of larynx is responsible for speech

A

Vocalis or thyroarytenoid m.

120
Q

If you have tracheotomy, which nerve is most likely affected

A

Recurrent laryngeal

121
Q

Destruction of ant. pituitary resembles what disease

A

Addisons & Hypogonadism

122
Q

Which ion concentration is in a spore

A

Calcium

123
Q

What type of CT is found in sutures of children

A

Hyaline cartilage

124
Q

8 year old had Max. Central incisor fracture, how long do you wait for root canal therapy

A

2 years–when roots close

125
Q

Which artery is most likely to cause epidural hematoma

A

Middle Meningeal artery

126
Q

What is the largest of the paranasal sinuses

A

Max. Sinus

127
Q

Anterior cerebral artery supplies what lobe

A

Frontal and Parietal

128
Q

Main immunoglobulin found in saliva

A

sIgA (secretory IgA)

NBDE I NY (5 decks)

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