2 Flashcards
Microorganism which is most likely to grow in canned food
Obligate anaerobe
Primary role of Lactobacilli in the adult vagina is to:
Maintain an acidic pH
Which is not a heavy metal-containing disinfectant? Chlorine Merthiolate Silver nitrate Copper sulfate
Chlorine
Sweet and salty foods frequently don’t require refrigeration to prevent spoilage because
They have high solute concentration
Which one of the following is a limitation of autoclave?
A. It will destroy a heat-labile materials
B. It lacks the ability to inactivate viruses
C. It cannot be used to sterilize glasswares
D. It cannot kill endospores
A
Used to prevention infection by killing or inhibiting microbial growth on inanimate objects
Disinfectant
Could be sterilized by dry heat sterilization
Rubber gloves
Glass pipettes
IV solutions
Plastic IV bags
Glass pipettes
First widely used antiseptic and disinfectant
Phenol
Agents act by disrupting microbial cell membranes
Cationic detergents
All of the ff are sporicidal except
A. Alcohol
B. Ethylene oxide
C. Formaldehyde
D. Glutaraldehyde
A
Bacterial proteins that can destroy other bacteria
Bacteriocins
Infection with potential to become active at some time
Latent
Subclinical- no signs and symptoms
Fulminant- rapidly progressive
Pyogenic- pus forming
Enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen
Catalase
Enriched medium used to grow fastidious microorganisms
Blood
Yeast extract
Brain infusions
Process of disinfecting places and utensils used by the public
Sanitization
Chemical alternative to chlorine in disinfection of swimming pools and water containers
Bromine
70% alcohol is more effective than pure alcohol as antimicrobial agent because
It containes 30% water
True regarding iodophor
A. Slowly releases iodine
B. Long lasting and non-irritating
C. Iodine-containing organic compound
A B C
Technique combining freezing and drying commonly used to preserve microbes and other cells
Lyophilization
MO that can survive in presence of oxygen
Aerobic microbe
Macroscopic cluster of cells appearing on solid medium, each arising from the multiplication of a single cell
Colony
Enteric disease is the disease of the
Intestines
Hektoen enteric agar is used to culture _______
Shigella and Salmonella
“Classic” solid medium used to cultivate Mycobacterium species
Lowenstein Jensen Agar
Media most suitable for identifying Neisseria gonorrhae un a cervical swab
Thayer-Martin medium
Iron-binding compounds produced by bacteria to sequester iton from their host
Siderophores
Transferrin, Lactoferrin- human
MOs that are ordinarily non-pathogenic or weakly pathogenic microbes but they cause primarily in an immunologically compromised patient
Opportunistic pathogen
Serum enriched gelatin medium used for isolation of Leptospiral species
Fletcher’s medium
Under ideal conditions, fermentation of one glucose molecule by a bacterium allowa s net gain of how many ATP molecules
2
Complete aerobic oxidation of one molecule of glucose by a bacterium allows a net gain of how many ATP molecules
38
Organisms preferentially may thrive in cold and icy waters
Psychrophiles
True regarding a defined medium
A. The exact chemical composition of the medium is known
B. Agar is available as source of nutrients for microorganism
C. Blood and brain infusions may be added
D. Organic chemicals are excluded
A
Test used to differentiate E.coli from Enteribacter aerogenes
IMViC test-Indole Methylred Vogues Prokauer Citrate
Conditions which may result to an immunocompromised patient
Diabetes
Cancer
Alcoholism
All
This stimulate the activity of neutrophils, do not protect the cell that secretes them, cause muscle aches,chills, and fever
Interferons
Used to prevent infection by killing or inhibiting pathogen growth on animal tissues
Antiseptic
Scientist who developed a procedure to heat wone at temperatues well below boiling to prevent spoilage of the wine
Pasteur
Agar is part of the cell wall of which algal division
Rhodophyta- rhodo means rose/red
Methods of motility used by protozoa except A. Gliding by slime secretion B. Flagella C. Pseudopodia D. Cilia
A
Phylum of protozoa being studied as biological control agents for certain insects
Microspora
Systemic infection caused by MO multiplying in circulating blood
Septicemia
Practice of principles or rules for promotion and maintenance of cleanliness and health
Hygiene
Short period of time which is characterized by early mild symptoms of the disease like body aches and malaise
Prodromal period-2nd
Incubation-arrival of MO,early symptoms
Period of illness-3rd; signs and symptoms are particular
Preiod of convalescence-recovery
Most antibiotics are isolated from
Soil microorganisms
Most common method of collection of urine
Clean-catch method
Which of the following is not an acellular agent? A. Viroid B. Rickettsia C. Virus D. Prion
B
Bacterium-infecting virus
Phage
T/F
Viruses contain both DNA and RNA in specific proportions
F
Complete virus
Virion
Protein coat of virus
Capsid
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is caused by
Flavivirus
Associated with roseola infantum
Human Herpesvirus 6
Most common nosocomial pathogen in pediatric wards
Resporatory Synctial Virus
Acute infantile diarrhea is most commonly due to infection with
Rotavirus
Nonenveloped virion
Rhinovirus
Viral disease that has the shortest incubation period of 2days
Influenza
Hepatitis B-longest; 118days
Associated with erythema infectiosum-5th disease
Parvovirus B19
Viral RNA is replicated in the host cell:
Cytoplasmic matrix
Itracellular structures formed during many viral infections which can directly disrupt cell structure
Inclusion bodies
Virus which is always detectable after injection
Hepatitis B virus
Virus associated with cervical cancer
Human papilloma virus
Linked to Kaposi’s sarcoma-connective tissues
Herpes simplex virus 8
Cannot be used to identify a virus A. Radioimmunoassay B. Latex agglutination C. Enzyme immunoassay D. Ziehl-Neelsen stain
D
