2/16/17 Lecture #4

Question 1

What is the disease causing factors in the caries balance? (BAD is the acronym)

Answer 1

• Bad Bacteria (S. mutans, Lactobacilli)
• Absence of Saliva
• Dietary Habits

Question 2

What are the protective factors of the caries balance? (SAFE is the acronym)

Answer 2

• Saliva and Sealants
• Antimicrobials
• Fluoride
• Effective Diet

Question 3

T/F Teeth provide the only non-shedding surface within the body to which the resident microflora can normally attach?

Answer 3

-True

Question 4

If you have substantial accumulations of bacteria can develop on the tongue. How does it appear?

Answer 4

-(Black) hairy tongue

Question 5

What is the window of opportunity for strep mutans?

Answer 5

-19-31 months

Question 6

The oral microflora increase in diversity until it reaches what type of community?

Answer 6

-Climax community

Question 7

If the normal flora barrier is broken down by broad spectrum antibiotics, susceptibility to overgrowth by exogenously acquired and potentially pathogen organisms occurs. What type of yeast infection can occur because of this?

Answer 7

-Thrush (yeast)

Question 8

What is the first step of the development of dental biofilms that occurs within minutes to hours?

Answer 8

-Pellicle formation

Question 9

What is the second step in the development of dental biofilms that occurs within 0-24 hrs?

Answer 9

-Attachment of a single bacterial cell

Question 10

What is the third step in the development of dental biofilms that occurs within 4-24 hrs?

Answer 10

-Growth of attached bacteria leading to the formation of distinct microcolonies

Question 11

What is the fourth step in the development of dental biofilms?

Answer 11

-Microbial succession leading to increased species diversity and continued growth of microcolonies

Question 12

What is the fifth step in the development of dental biofilms that occurs in time grater than 1 week?

Answer 12

-Climax community/mature biofilm

Question 13

What are the major constituents of the pellicle?

Answer 13

• Salivary glycoproteins
• Phosphoproteins
• Lipids
• GCF

Question 14

What is the difference between streptococcus and actinomyces?

Answer 14

-When it shifts to actinomyces you are more prone to get root surface caries

Question 15

T/F AS plaque ages the number of cocci decreases and the number of rods, fusiform, filaments, and spirochetes increases.

Answer 15

-True

Question 16

What are essential properties necessary for caries formation?

Answer 16

• Adhere to tooth surface
• Produce lactic acid
• Produce a polymeric substance (from metabolism of carbs) which causes the acid to remain in contact with the tooth

Question 17

What plaque hypothesis states that all plaque is cariogenic therefore caries is the result of nonspecific infection?

Answer 17

-Non-specific

Question 18

What plaque hypothesis sates that plaque is a problem, but it is not the plaque itself but the specific concentration of cariogenic bacteria?

Answer 18

-Specific

Question 19

What plaque hypothesis states that disease-causing bacteria may be present in unaffected sites?

Answer 19

-Ecological Plaque hypothesis

Question 20

What is the treatment for the Nonspecific plaque hypothesis?

Answer 20

• plaque removal
• Dietary recommendations
• Fluoride toothpaste

Question 21

What is the treatment for specific plaque hypothesis?

Answer 21

• Plaque removal
• Dietary review
• Antimicrobials
• Bacterial testing