1st Year - Flashcards
State two lab rules;
- Tie long hair back
- Wear safety goggles to protect your eyes when heating substances, dissecting, etc
What are the characteristics of life?
- Movement
- Respiration
- Sensitivity
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Excretion
- Nutrition
- Control
What does a plant cell contain?
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Cell membrane
- Cell wall
- Vacuole
- Chloroplast
- Ribosomes
- Mitochondria
What does an animal cell contain?
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Cell membrane
- Mitochondria
- Ribosomes
Function of Cell Membrane?
found in animal and plant cells
Controls what substances can get in and out of the cell
Function of a Cytoplasm?
found in plant and animal cells
Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions happen. In plant cells there’s a thin lining, whereas in animal cells most of the cell is cytoplasm.
Function of a Nucleus?
found in plant and animal cells
Contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell
Function of Mitochondria?
found in plant and animal cells
Most energy is released by respiration here
Function of Ribosomes?
found in plant and animal cells
Protein synthesis happens here
Function of cell wall?
found in plant cells
Strengthens the cell
Function of Chloroplasts?
found in plant cells
Contains chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
Function of Vacuole?
found in plant cells
Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid
What is the order of organisation?
- Organelles
- Cells
- Tissue
- Organs
- Organ systems
- Organism
What is a tissue?
Group of cells with similar structures, working together to perform a shared function
What is an organelle?
Cell structure that is specialised to carry out a particular function or job
Function of cells?
Basic structural and functional unit of a living organism
Function of an organ?
Structure made up of a group of tissues, working together to perform specific functions
Function of an organ system?
Group of organs with related functions, working together to perform body functions
What is asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction only needs one parent. All the offspring are genetically identical to each other, and their parent. They are clones.
What is sexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction needs two parents. Each parent produces sex cells, called gametes:
male gametes are called sperm
female gametes are called eggs S
What is fertilisation?
Fertilisation involves the fusion of a male and female gamete to produce a zygote that undergoes cell division and develops into an embryo
