1st Chapter-Pathology Flashcards
The manual and scientific manipulation of the soft tissues of the body for the purpose of establishing and maintaining good health and promoting wellness
Massage therapy
A condition of abnormal function involving anatomic structures or body systems
Disease
Affects only one area of the body
Local disease
Are distributed throughout the body rather than isolated to one area
Systemic diseases
An abrupt onset of severe signs and symptoms that run a brief course and then resolve or in some cases bring death
Acute diseases
Often has an insidious onset with gradual increase in signs and symptoms as the disease progresses
Chronic disease
Objective indicators of disease that are obvious to someone other than the affected individual
Signs
Are subjective feelings of which only the person experiencing them is aware
Symptoms
Periods when clinical manifestations disappear or diminish significantly
Remission’s
Is when clinical manifestations become worse or more severe
Exacerbations
A scientific evaluation of signs and symptoms medical history and physical examination’s laboratory tests or other procedures that lead to identifying particular diseases
Diagnosis
A prediction of how the disease will progress and the chances of recovery based on the person’s condition and the usual course of the disease as observed in similar situations
Prognosis
Causative factors or origins of disease
Etiology
A disease that does not have a known calls
Idiopathic
The tendencies that promote disease development often indicating a higher risk for a particular disease but not certain disease development
Risk factors
Conditions that arise after onset of the original disease such as a bacterial infection that occurs in a person who is weekend as a result of a barrel infection or a person who developed congestive heart failure after experiencing a heart attack
Complications
Are reported when a disease affects a significantly large number of people at the same time and I given region
Epidemics
Involves large numbers of people in several regions perhaps worldwide
Pandemic
Indicates the rate at which a disease occurs within a group or area
Morbidity
Represents the number of deaths resulting from a disease within a specific time period
Mortality
As the number of new cases in a particular population during a specific time.
Incidence
Refers to the number of all existing cases of disease within a particular population
Prevalence
Characteristics conditions or diseases that can be transmitted from parent to offspring
Heredity
The ability of disease to spread from one person to another by direct or in direct contact
Contagious
A biologic agent capable of causing disease
Pathogen
Injury or shock to the body often caused by violence or an accident
Trauma
A protective response to infection injury or irritation
Inflammation
Numerous ways to avoid avoid infection
Host defenses
And invasion of pathogen’s once they have entered the host
Infection
A set of guidelines and procedures of infection control
Standard precautions
Collective principles of health preservation
Hygiene
Areas of the body that contain structures that when massage with the pro long or deep figures pressure may negatively affect the clientele
Cautionary sites
The study of disease
Pathology
A disease occurring without symptoms
Asymptomatic
Signs and symptoms of disease or injury
Clinical manifestations
Risk factors are also known as
Predisposing factors
Top 3 leading causes of death in the US
- Heart disease
- Cancer
- Chronic Lower respiratory diseases
Characteristics, conditions or diseases that can be transmitted from parent to offspring
Heredity
What are some risk factors of disease?
Age Gender Genetics Lifestyle Environment Stress
2 categories of disorders
Congenital and traumatic
What are a mass of cancerous cells called?
Malignant tumor or neoplasm
List the types of diseases
Degenerative disease Autoimmune disease Deficiency disease Genetic disease Metabolic disease Infectious disease Congenital disorders Traumatic disorders
In this disease, the body mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy tissue.
Autoimmune disease
Ex. Rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis
Diseases that involve the tissue breakdown caused by overuse for those that occur naturally as a result of the aging process
Degenerative diseases
Ex. Parkinson’s, osteoporosis
Disease caused by a lack of an essential nutrient in the individual diet or neutral probably
Deficiency diseases
Ex. Tickets
Diseases caused by an abnormality in the genetic code
Genetic diseases
Ex. Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia
These diseases are physiologic dysfunctions that disrupt the body’s metabolism
Metabolic diseases
Ex. Cushing disease, Diabetes Mellitis
This disease is caused by pathogens such as bacteria fungi versus predator about the genic animals also known as communicable diseases
Infectious diseases
Ex.pneumonia, chicken pox, measles
Organisms in which pathogens reside
Hosts
The ability of disease to spread from one person to another by direct or in direct contact
Contagious
Disorders present at birth
Congenital disorders
Ex. Alcohol fetal syndrome, spina bifida
Agents of disease
- Viruses
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Protozoa
- Prions
- Pathogenic animals
Or single celled organisms
Bacteria
This type of disease agent includes molds and yeast
fungi
This agent of diseases consider the smallest form of animal life it is also transmitted through contact with the feces contaminated food and water or a bite or sting from an infected insect or animal
Protozoa
An agent of diseases That affects the central nervous system and are currently untreatable and they know it causes a few diseases in mammals
Prions
An agent of disease that live on or within a host and depend on it for nourishment and replication
Pathogenic animals
Chain of infection
- Infectious agent
- Reservoir
- Portal of exit
- Transmission
- Portal of entry
- Host susceptibility
The three main methods of transmission are
- Contact
- Vehicle transmission
- Vector transmission
Two most common methods of disease transmission
Direct and indirect contact
Occurs from physical contact between infected person and a non infected person
Direct contact
Involves fomite transmission in droplet transmission
Indirect contact
What is it called when the infected individual touch as an object and leaves contagion residue
Fomite transmission
What is it when the Infected individuals calls sneezes or spit on and a noninfected individual
Droplet transmission
What are three forms of vehicle transmission
- Food borne transmission
- Waterborne transmission
- Airborne transmission
This type of transmission may occur by consuming pathogens that were not destroyed during preparation or storage
Food borne transmission
This transmission occurs from bathing washing drinking or ingesting food prepared with contaminated water
Waterborne transmission
This transmission occurs when infectious agents are released from a reservoir into the air in the form of an aerosol and travel on particles of dust or droplets
Airborne transmission
This transmission occurs when an infectious agents are transmitted through a common vehicle or source such as food water air and in some cases would use to buy transmission service
Vehicle transmission
This transmission uses a vector to spread infectious agents between two or more posts
Vector transmission
What is an invasion of pathogens once they have entered the host
An infection
What is a protective response to infection injury or irritation
Inflammation
What were the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation
Swelling Heat A loss of function Redness Pain
