[1S] UNIT 1 Overview of Hematology

Question 1

SCIENTIST

worms in the blood

Answer 1

Athanasius Kircher (1657)

Question 2

SCIENTIST

RBCs

Answer 2

Anton van Leeuwenhook (1674)

Question 3

4 RBC Indices

Answer 3

MCV - mean cell volume
MCH – mean cell hemoglobin
MCHC – mean cell hemoglobin concentration
RDW – red cell distribution and width

Question 3

SCIENTIST

Wrights stain

Answer 3

James Homer Wright (1902)

Question 3

SCIENTIST

Platelets (petites plaques)

Answer 3

Giulio Bizzozero (1800)

Question 4

4 RBC Parameters

Answer 4

• Hemoglobin (hb, hgb)
• Hematocrit ( hct)/PCV (pack cell volume)
• RBC count
• RBC Indices

Question 5

to detect and diagnose the disease

Answer 5

RBC Parameters

Question 6

to assess and monitor the disease

Answer 6

RBC Parameters

Question 7

to differentiate anemia, polycythemia, and systemic
conditions that affects red blood cells

Answer 7

RBC Parameters

Question 8

polychromatophilic erythrocytes

Answer 8

Reticulocytes

Question 9

• Indicative of bone marrow regeneration during blood loss and certain anemias
• Supravital staining (BCB, NMB)

Answer 9

Reticulocytes

Question 9

Counting of WBCs

Answer 9

Hemocytometry – 5,000-10,000/cumm

Question 10

• Function mainly to protect us from infection /injury
• Differential count = Wright’s staining

Answer 10

White Blood Cells

Question 10

WBCs low count

Answer 10

Leukopenia

Question 11

3 Granular WBCs

Answer 11

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
(NEB - Never Eat Banana)

Question 11

WBCs high count

Answer 11

Leukocytosis

Question 12

2 Agranular WBCs

Answer 12

Lymphocytes
Monocytes
(LM - Let Monkey)

Question 13

• Maintains vascular integrity
• Controls hemostasis

Answer 13

Platelets / Thrombocytes

Question 14

• 2-4mu , round, anucleated, slightly granular
• ability to aggregate and adhere

Answer 14

Platelets / Thrombocytes

Question 15

Types of specimen
- capillary blood
- venous blood
Phlebotomist
Specimen quality
Specimen accession

Answer 15

Complete Blood Count

Question 16

• Maintenance of normal blood flow
• Storage site of some cytokines involved in hemostasis

Answer 16

Endothelial cells

Question 16

• Smear preparation/ characteristics
• Staining procedures
• Examine the morphology of the red blood cells
• WBC - percent distribution is obtained (differential count)

Answer 16

Blood Film Examination

Question 17

Coagulation laboratory tests

Answer 17

PT, APTT, Fibrinogen Assay, D-dimer

Question 18

ADVANCE HEMATOLOGY PROCEDURES

Identifies and quantifies populations of cells in a heterogeneous sample - usually blood, bone marrow or lymph.

Answer 18

Flow Cytometry

Question 19

ADVANCE HEMATOLOGY PROCEDURES

Bone marrow aspirate / bone marrow biopsy

Answer 19

Bone Marrow Examination

Question 20

ADVANCE HEMATOLOGY PROCEDURES

Types of antigens present on the cell’s surface, nucleus, or cytoplasm that helps identify the lineage of cells using antibodies

Answer 20

Immunophenotyping

Question 20

ADVANCE HEMATOLOGY PROCEDURES

Primarily defines a large set of the techniques that operate either with the entire genome or with specific targeted DNA sequences.

Answer 20

Molecular Cytogenetics

Question 20

ADVANCE HEMATOLOGY PROCEDURES

Deals with chromosomes also known as karyotyping used for diagnosis of oncologic and hematologic
disorders

Answer 20

Cytogenetics

Question 21

• Specimen integrity
• Responsibility for accuracy
• Proper judgement
• Timeliness
• Internal controls

Answer 21

Quality Control

Question 22

Factors involve: platelets, coagulation factors

Answer 22

Coagulation

Question 23

Hemostasis

Answer 23

Primary & Secondary