1C - Skeletal system

Question 1

Choose the statement that best describes the articular capsule.

Answer 1

produces synovial fluid that lubricates the joint and nourishes the articular cartilage

Question 2

This is considered a pathological bone formation.

Answer 2

ectopic bone

Question 3

What is related to cartilage?

Answer 3

glossy, translucent appearance, elastic, intervertebral discs, larynx, trachea, bronchi

Question 4

Homeopoiesis

Answer 4

production of blood cells from bone marrow

Question 5

Long bone

Answer 5

a bone in which the length exceeds the width, and is characterized by having a medullary canal. Example, humerus, radius, ulna, femur and tibia

Question 6

Short bone

Answer 6

a bone in which length equals the width. Example, carpal bones

Question 7

Flat bone

Answer 7

a bone expanded into 1 plane

Question 8

irregular bone

Answer 8

a bone that does not fit into any other of the 3 categories. Example, vertebrae

Question 9

Axial skeleton

Answer 9

skull and hyoid, vertebral column, ribs and sternum, bones of middle ear

Question 10

Skull and hyoid

Answer 10

22 in the skull and 1 hyoid

Question 11

Vertebral column

Answer 11

7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar and one sacrum and one coccyx total of 26

Question 12

Ribs and sternum

Answer 12

12 pairs of ribs and 1 sternum, total of 25

Question 13

Bones of the middle ear

Answer 13

6; mallius, incus and stapes

Question 14

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 14

part of the skeleton that comprises the appendages

Question 15

Bones of upper lim

Answer 15

clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna and radius, eight carpal bones, five metacarpal and fourteen phalanges (64 total)

Question 16

Bones of lower limb

Answer 16

hip bone, patella, tibia and fibula, seven tarsal bones, five metatarsal and fourteen phalanges (62 total)

Question 17

Clavicle

Answer 17

collar bone

Question 18

Scapula

Answer 18

shoulder blade

Question 19

Humerus

Answer 19

arm

Question 20

radius and ulna

Answer 20

forearm

Question 21

Carpal bones

Answer 21

wrist (8)

Question 22

Metacarpal (5)

Answer 22

palm

Question 23

Phalanges

Answer 23

fingers (14)

Question 24

Femur

Answer 24

thigh (longest bone)

Question 25

Patella

Answer 25

knee

Question 26

Tibia and fibula

Answer 26

leg

Question 27

Tarsal bones

Answer 27

(7) ankle

Question 28

Metatarsal

Answer 28

(5) foot

Question 29

Phalanges toes

Answer 29

(14)

Question 30

Sesamoid bone

Answer 30

located in the tendons

Question 31

Ectopic bone

Answer 31

pathological bone formation

Question 32

Epiphysis

Answer 32

two ends of a long bone which are wider than the shaft and take part in the formation of a joint

Question 33

Diaphysis

Answer 33

shaft of a long bone

Question 34

Compact bone

Answer 34

bone laid down in layers making it appear solid, forms the outer surface of all bones, thicker in the diaphysis and thinner in the epiphysis

Question 35

Spongy bone

Answer 35

composed of very thin, plates of bone that meet, other, bones at various, angles, leaving spaces between them. located in the epiphysis

Question 36

Periosteum

Answer 36

connective tissue composed of 2 layers.

Question 37

Periosteum outer layer

Answer 37

tough fibrous layer that serves as a place of insertion for muscle tendons

Question 38

Periosteum inner layer

Answer 38

delicate cellular layer responsible for promoting growth and diameter of the bone

Question 39

Endostem

Answer 39

is a thin, cellular layer found lining the medullary cavity and the cavities of spongy
bone. Primary function is to destroy the bone allowing for growth in diameter of the marrow cavity

Question 40

medullary cavity

Answer 40

A cavity running the length of the diaphysis that contains either red marrow (which actively forms
blood cells), yellow marrow (where fat cells are stored), or a combination of the two.

Question 41

Articular cartilage

Answer 41

Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the articular surface of each epiphysis. This cushions the joints

Question 42

Articular capsule

Answer 42

connects the bone and encircles the join. Has two layers an outer layer and inner.

Question 43

Epiphyseal disc

Answer 43

allows for growth in the long bone, it is not present once growth is complete

Question 44

Metaphysis

Answer 44

spongy bone tissue

Question 45

hyaline cartilage

Answer 45

embryo, epiphyseal discs, articular cartilages, costal cartilges, larynx, trachea, and bronchi, and nasal cartilages

Question 46

Fibrocartilage

Answer 46

interpubic disc and intervertebral discs

Question 47

Elastic cartilage

Answer 47

Auricle (ear), auditory tube and epiglottic