1b Variety Of Living Organisms

Question 1

Common features shown by eukaryotic organisms (plants)

Answer 1

-multicellular
-contain chloroplasts and carry our photosynthesis, cellulose walls
-store carbohydrates as starch/sucrose
-e.g. flowering plants/legumes

Question 2

Common features shown by eukaryotic organisms (animals)

Answer 2

-multicellular organisms
-don’t contain chloroplasts and cannot carry out photosynthesis
-no cell walls
-have nervous coordination
-often store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 3

Common features shown by eukaryotic organisms (fungi)

Answer 3

-unable to carry out photosynthesis
-body is made up of thread like structure called hyphae, organised inti mycelium
-contains many nuclei
-cells walls are made of chitin
-feed by extra cellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food and the absorp it.
-this is called sapotraophic nutrition
-carbohydrates stored as glycogen

Question 4

Common features shown by eukaryotic organisms (protoctists)

Answer 4

-microscopic single celled organisms.
- some like amoeba life in pond water has features like an animal cells
- other like chlroellla have more plant like features

Question 5

Common features of prokaryotic organisms e.g. bacteria

Answer 5

-microscopic single celled organism
-they have a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids
-they lack a nucleus but contain a circular chromosome of DNA
-some carry out photosynthesis but most fed off living or dead organisms
e.g. lactobacillus

Question 6

What does the term pathogen mean? And what types are there?

Answer 6

Pathogen: a bacterium, virus or other microorganism that can cause disease
Viruses, fungi, protoctist or viruses

Question 7

Virus characteristics

Answer 7

-not living organisms
-smaller than bacteria
-parasitic and reproduce only inside living cells
-infect every type of organism
-any shale or size
-no cellular structure
-protein coat