1B Mammalian Transport Systems Flashcards
Diffusion
The movement of particles in a liquid or a gas down concentration gradient from an area where they are at a relatively low concentration
Concentration gradient
The change in the concentration of solutes present in a solution between two regions; in biology, this typically means across a cell membrane
Surface area to volume ratio (sa : vol)
The relationship between the surface area of an organism and its volume
Vertebrates
Animals with a backbone or spinal column; they include mammals, births, reptiles, amphibians and fish
Mass transport systems
An arrangement of structures by which substances are transported in the flow of the fluid
Single circulation systems
A circulation system in which the heart pumps the blood to the organs of gas exchange and the blood then travels on around thew body, returning as deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Double circulation system
A circulation blood from the heart to the cells of the body where the oxygen is used, and carries the deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Systemic circulation
Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the cells where the oxygen is used, and carries the deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Oxygenated blood
Blood that is carrying oxygen
Deoxygenated blood
Blood that has giving up its oxygen to the cells in the body
Pulmonary circulation
Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart
Cardiovascular system
The mass transport system of the body made up of a series of vessels with a pump (the heart) to move blood through the blood vessels
Active transport
The movement of substances into or out of the cell using ATP produced during cellular respiration
Buffer
A solution which resist changes in pH
Leucocytes
White blood cells, there are serval different types which plays important roles in defending the body against the entry of pathogens and in the immune system
