-1B: ATP

Question 1

what is atp?

Answer 1

immediate source of energy for a cell

Question 2

ATP - bg?

Answer 2

-plants + animals release energy from glucose during respiration
-cells cannot directly use glucose as an energy source
-use energy released from glucose to create ATP

Question 3

what does ATP stand for?

Answer 3

adenosine triphosphate

Question 4

structure of ATP?

Answer 4

-derivative of nucleotide: modified form of a nucleotide
-base, adenine, bonded to ribose sugar + 3 phosphate groups

Question 5

how do parts of the cell that require energy receive it?

Answer 5

-once made, ATP diffuses into parts of the cell that need it
-energy stored in bonds between phosphate groups -> released by hydrolysis

Question 6

when energy is needed, what is ATP hydrolysed into?

Answer 6

-ADP + Pi
-adenosine diphosphate + inorganic phosphate ion

Question 7

what is this hydrolysed by?

Answer 7

-hydrolysis reaction (addition of water)
-using ATP hydrolase to catalyse reaction

Question 8

what can ATP hydrolysis + Pi be used for?

Answer 8

-ATP hydrolysis -> used for help in other energy requiring reactions, so energy released can be directly used to make other coupled reaction occur rather than being wasted as heat energy
-Pi -> be added to other compounds (phosphorylation) making compound more reactive

Question 9

ATP can be re-synthesised, how?

Answer 9

-condensation reaction between ADP + Pi
-catalysed by ATP synthase
-release molecule of water + used in photosynthesis + respiration