1A History and Approaches vocab Flashcards
The application of psychological concepts and method to optimizing human behavior in workplaces
Industrial-Organizational (I/O) psychology
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits
Psychometrics
The principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
Natural selection
The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking
Socio-Cultural psychology
The study of an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
Personality psychology
Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual’s potential for personal growth
Humanistic psychology
People who apply psychological principles to legal issues
Forensic Psychologists
The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon
Levels of analysis
The science of behavior and mental processes
Psychology
An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind
Structuralism
The long-standing controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors
Nature-Nurture issue
A branch of psychology that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use
Human factors psychology
A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders
Psychodynamic psychology
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
Social Psychology
A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish
Functionalism
A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often proved medical treatments as well as psychological therapy
Psychiatry
The scientific study of observable behavior, and it’s explanation by principles of learning
Behavioral psychology
The scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
Cognitive Psychology
The scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities survive
Positive psychology
The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition
Cognitive neuroscience
The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
Experimental psychology
A branch of psychology that studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups
Community psychology
A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
Developmental psychology
An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
Biopsychosocial approach
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
Basic research
A branch of psychology that studies, assesses and treats people with psychological disorders
Clinical psychology
The view that knowledge originated in experience and that science should rely on observation and experimentation
Empiricism
The study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection
Evolutionary psychology
A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living and in achieving greater well-being
Counciling psychology
The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning
Educational psychology
A branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior
Biological psychology
Enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply rereading information
Testing effect
The view that psychology 1) should be an objective science that 2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agrees with 1 but not with 2
Behaviorism
Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems
Applied research
