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Buddhism > 1A > Flashcards

1A Flashcards

1
Q

Acts of the Buddha

A

Written by the Indian poet Ashvaghosa, 500 years after the Buddha’s death. It gathered legendary and mythological details.

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2
Q

Anatta

A

Insubstantiality or non-self

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3
Q

Anicca

A

Impermanence

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4
Q

Buddhists believe change happens on two levels - what are they?

A

Gross change: everyday, observable changes

Subtle change: microscopic, momentary changes

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5
Q

Dukkha

A

Suffering or being unsatisfied

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6
Q

Enlightenment/bodhi

A

An awakening from the sleep of ignorance

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7
Q

How did Mara try to stop Siddhartha from pursuing enlightenment?

A

He offered him the whole of his kingdom and told him that no one would believe he was truly enlightened

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8
Q

How did the Buddha die?

A

He died at 80, lying on his side, as a result of eating tainted food

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9
Q

In Buddhism, what is evil?

A

The power of our own negative emotions

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10
Q

Jhanas

A

The four various stages of joy and ecstasy from meditation

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11
Q

Legend

A

Stories with some factual basis which have been embroidered through exaggeration, emphasis and ulterior motives

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12
Q

Magga

A

The way that leads to the end of suffering

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13
Q

Myth

A

A story where meaning is meant to be sought in a deep, symbolic understanding of a truth which would have been hard to express otherwise

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14
Q

Nirodha

A

The end of suffering

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15
Q

Quote: the Buddha on impermanence

A

‘All conditioned phenomena are impermanent’

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16
Q

Quote: the Buddha on no-self

A

‘All phenomena are without self’

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17
Q

Quote: the Buddha on perfection

A

‘All conditioned things are subject to decay. Attain perfection through diligence.’

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18
Q

Tanha

A

Craving

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19
Q

The Dharma

A

The Buddha’s teachings

20
Q

The demon Mara

A

Represents desire and death

21
Q

The five skhandhas

A

The five parts that constitute the human being: the physical body, sensations, perceptions, thought processes and consciousness

22
Q

The Four Noble Truths

A

All life is suffering, the origin of suffering is craving, the cessation of suffering and the way that leads to the cessation of suffering

23
Q

The illusion of permanence

A

Because we cannot observe microscopic changes, we believe that things are permanent

24
Q

The Middle Way

A

A balanced life between indulgence and asceticism

25
Q

The Pali Canon of the Theravadins

A

Collected 3 months after the Buddha’s death but not written down until the 1st century BCE. Not recorded in chronological order.

26
Q

The sage Asita’s prediction

A

Siddhartha would become either a great king or a great spiritual leader

27
Q

The subject of the Buddha’s first teaching

A

The Four Noble Truths

28
Q

The Ten Acts of the Buddha

A

Conception, physical birth, accomplishment in worldly skills, youth: pleasure and indulgence, leaving the palace, life as an ascetic, victory over Mara, enlightenment, spreading the teaching, death

29
Q

The Threefold Knowledge

A

The three distinct insights the Buddha had whilst meditating. The first was the numbers of his own previous lives, who he had been and where he had lived. the second was that he understood the cause of birth and death of beings in the universe. The third was he attained omniscience and understood the nature of all things.

30
Q

The Vinaya

A

The rules the Buddha set for monastic life

31
Q

What did Siddhartha practice when he was an ascetic?

A

Yoga, meditation and mortification. Mortification involves fasting, holding your breath, staying out in the burning sun and holding your head in icy water.

32
Q

What did Siddhartha see on each of his four trips?

A

An old man, a sick man, a funeral procession and a wandering ascetic

33
Q

What did the Queen dream about before Siddhartha’s birth?

A

A white elephant came down and entered her womb

34
Q

What does ‘Buddha’ mean?

A

The one who is awake to the truth

35
Q

What does ‘Siddhartha’ mean?

A

He who achieves his aim

36
Q

What happened when Siddhartha touched the earth with his right hand?

A

The earth goddess came to witness his enlightenment and the earth quaked in reply

37
Q

What happened when the Buddha was born?

A

There was no blood or birth waters, the earth trembled and the Buddha took several steps in each of the four directions of the compass

38
Q

What is monasticism?

A

Following a simple life dedicated to the Dharma and living in small groups (the Sangha)

39
Q

What type of tree did Siddhartha attain enlightenment under?

A

A Bodhi tree

40
Q

Where was Siddhartha’s first spiritual experience?

A

Under a rose-apple tree at a ploughing festival

41
Q

Where was the Buddha’s first teaching?

A

A deer park in Isipatana

42
Q

Who did Siddhartha marry and who was his son?

A

He married Yasodhara and had a son named Rahula

43
Q

Who were Siddhartha’s parents?

A

Queen Mahamaya and King Suddhodana, the leader of the Shakya clan

44
Q

Why did Siddhartha abandon asceticism?

A

His mind and body grew weak and he realised only meditation would lead to enlightenment

45
Q

Why did Mara want to prevent Siddhartha’s enlightenment?

A

Enlightenment would free Siddhartha from samsara (death)

46
Q

Why did Siddhartha leave the palace?

A

To find a solution to suffering

Buddhism (10 decks)

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