1964-1970 Social Change (Unit 2, Topic 4) Flashcards
Social and Cultural expansion of mass media, Growth in leisure activities, Impact in scientific developments, Reduction in censorship, Progress towards female equality, Changes in moral attitudes and tensions, Youth culture and the 'permissive society', Anti-Vietnam war riots, Issues of immigration and race.
How did Mass Media Develop in the 1960’s?
Television became popular everywhere and created a uniformity of culture and cinema emerged as a new form of entertainment. By 1975, there were around 17,000,000 tv licenses and in 1971, 91% of the population had a TV.
ITV launched in 1955 and expanded the advertisement industry and new earphones allowed for radio on the go. Newspapers would grow as challenge to the TV industry and The Sun launched in 1964 permitting some more permissive attitudes
What was Censorship in Theatre like in the 1960’s?
In theatre new plays would have to gain a license from the Lord Chamberlain. George Strauss introduced the idea of a bill to abolish theatrical censorship and with backing from Roy Jenkins the bill became law.
What was Censorship in Film like in the 1960’s?
The British Board of Film Censors still had significant control over the film industry. Films of the mid 1960’s began to push boundaries and topics like sex, drugs and violence became more acceptable
What was Censorship in TV like in the 1960’s?
As with developments in film ideas surrounding sex, violence, politics and religion became more challenged. Issues such as abortion and marriage affairs were more widely publicized.
What was Censorship in Literature like in the 1960’s?
Books detailing explicit images and scenes were put under trial with Penguin Books being under trial before being found not guilty by a jury. They continued to sell 3 million books of ‘Lady Chatterley’s Lover’ and there unsuccessful litigation only promoted huge sales
What were the Scientific Developments made in the 1960’s?
New inventions such as the Concorde revolutionised commercial flight; costing £1.4 billion to make a ticket would £12,000. Equally the Contraceptive Pill was seen as a promising discovery for future drug treatments and hormone regulation.
How did Leisure Develop in the 1960’s?
TV covered around 23% of leisure time but DIY and gardening became common hobbies. Pastimes such as cookery, needlework and knitting prolonged through the 60’s and were made more enjoyable with new technologies. Live theatre shrank rapidly with football events seeing a decrease in liv viewership.
Car travel was more popular than public and car ownership increased rapidly with cars accounting for 77% of journeys. Travel abroad brought home a variety new continental flavors to Britain
What was Youth Culture like in the 1960’s?
Increases in education, standards of living and growth of leisure time where main factors towards a surge in cultures in the Youth. They would challenge traditional ‘norms’ and use a variety of new drugs and caffeine. They wore more vibrant materials and spread new genres of music throughout Britain
What was Immigration like in the 1960’s?
Tensions of previous years remained high and a survey showed that 1 in 5 people objected to working with a Black or Asian individual and half refused to live next door to a mixed ethnicity whilst 9 out 10 people disapproved of mixed marriages.
In 1965, Labour approved the first Race Relations Act that forbode discrimination in public areas. The government passed another Commonwealth Immigration Act limiting the rights of non-white citizens. A “Rivers Of Blood” speech by Enoch Powell saw 75% of the population agree with him. Another Race Relations Act in 1968 banned household, employment insurance and other services of discrimination
