1951-64 specific information and key terms

Question 1

individualism

Answer 1

emphasis on the rights and freedoms of each citizen as opposed to collectivising power of the state

Question 2

mixed economy

Answer 2

a system in which the private and public sectors of the economy both operate

Question 3

real wages

Answer 3

the purchasing power of the earnings when set against prices

Question 4

mod cons

Answer 4

short for modern conveniences: central heating, vacuum cleaners, refrigerators and washing machines

Question 5

property owning democracy

Answer 5

a society in which people are encouraged to become homeowners on the principle that the ownership of the property is a necessary part of democracy

Question 6

common market

Answer 6

a trading system between equal states with the minimum amount of regulation

Question 7

special relationship

Answer 7

Churchill’s term to describe the common values that the US and Britain had which made them natural allies

Question 8

unilateralists

Answer 8

those who believed that Britain should give up its atomic weapons without waiting for a multilateral agreement between the nuclear powers to do so

Question 9

CND

Answer 9

campaign for nuclear disarmament

Question 10

apartheid

Answer 10

in theory, the notion of seperate and equal development for different racial groups in South Africa

Question 11

rise in the average weekly wage of the adult male

Answer 11

from £8.30 in 1951 to £18.35 in 1964

Question 12

rise in sales of private cars

Answer 12

from 1.5 to 5.5 million between 1951-64

Question 13

how many houses did the Conservative’s commit to building each year in this period

Answer 13

300 000

Question 14

how many new houses were built between 1951-64 and how many were private dwellings

Answer 14

7 million, 60% were private dwellings

Question 15

what did unemployment peak as in 1963

Answer 15

878 000 unemployed

Question 16

what was Italy and Britain’s industrial growth rate and

Answer 16

Britain: 2.3% and Italy: 5.6%

Question 17

principles announced in the Conservative’s 1947 ‘industrial charter’

Answer 17

• Kensyian economics
• mixed economy
• need for a welfare state

(shift to the left after their landslide defeat in the 1945 election)

Question 18

how much was spent on defence by 1964

Answer 18

10% of GDP, £1.7 billion

Question 19

key features of Butskellism 1951

Answer 19

• mixed economy
• cooperation with unions
• welfare state
• commitment to defence
• keynsian economists

Question 20

who was housing minister at the start of the period

Answer 20

Harold Macmillan

Question 21

how much did real wages increase by in this period

Answer 21

from £8.30 to £18.35

Question 22

what was the tripartite system

Answer 22

all children took the 11+ which allocated themi a place within the three school system (grammar, technical and modern)

Question 23

where did the series of race riots in 1958 break out

Answer 23

London, Nottingham and Bristol most notably

Question 24

what was the name given to the groups of violent white youths that recalled the fashions of King Edward VII

Answer 24

Teddy Boys

Question 25

what were the names of the two rival groups of youths that began a series of affrays from 1964 onwards

Answer 25

mods and the rockers

Question 26

1960-62 were the peak years for immigration. how many entered

Answer 26

230 000