1945-1975 Social

Question 1

post war, what % of americans lived in poverty?

Answer 1

25%

Question 2

by 1960 what how much better was the living standard of the us than the uk?

Answer 2

3x

Question 3

give 5 hallmarks of the american dream?

Answer 3

• suburbs
• cars
• spending not saving
• hire purchase
• modern appliances widespread

Question 4

how does the 50s/60s compare to the 20s?

Answer 4

wealth filtered further down the social scale

Question 5

what was the name given to the youths of the day?

Answer 5

beat generation

Question 6

how many homes had a tv in 1948, and how many had one in 1958?

Answer 6

0.4% 1948

83% 1958

Question 7

give 5 ways which the south stayed racist?

Answer 7

• jim crow still enforced
• voting intimidation
• all white juries
• pay differneces e.g. white teachers got 30% more than black teachers in the south
• best unis were white only

Question 8

give an overview of the 1954 Brown vs Board case?

Answer 8

NAACP challenged legality of separate education (supposedly ‘separate but equal’ ) to supreme court
SC ruled against separate education, and ordered the south to integrate schools (took years tho as resistance)

Question 9

what happened in Little Rock Arkansas 1957?

Answer 9

SC ordered governor Faubus to integrate 9 black students into a white high school.
Faubus sent state troops to school to prevent blacks getting in
Ike sent federal troops to protect the students and allow them in

Question 10

overview the 1955-6 Montgomery bus boycott?

Answer 10

after Rosa Parks, MLK and others formed Montgomery Improvement Association, led to boycotts by all
bus co. lost 65% income
Dec. 1956: SC voted that Montgomery laws illegal- victory for non-violent direct action

Question 11

give 3 black activist groups?

Answer 11

SCLC (MLK)
SNCC (students)
CORE (James Farmer)

Question 12

overview the 1960 sit ins?

Answer 12

N. Carolina woolworths lunch counter was white only, so black students sat there amid violence from whites
SNCC spred this to other cities and by end of 1960 lunch counters were desegregated in 126 cities

Question 13

overview the freedom rides of 1961?

Answer 13

CORE
blacks and whites sat next to each other and headed south
met by violence in the south
ended up locked in a church
JFK had to intervene to stop church being burnt with activists inside

Question 14

what was the 1963 march on washington?

Answer 14

200k blacks and 50k whites marched in the capital to put pressure on JFK to pass civil rights bill
“I Have a Dream Speech”

Question 15

when did JFKs civil rights bill get passed, and what did it do?

Answer 15

1964 (Johnson made sure to finish what JFK started)

outlawed segregation in public

Question 16

what was the voting rights act 1965?

Answer 16

ended all discriminatory tests that tried to stop people voting
immediate effect- black officials soon started rolling in

Question 17

what was the civil rights act 1968?

Answer 17

made it illegal to prevent the rent/sell houses on grounds of race, religion, national origin or sex

Question 18

what group was Malcolm X part of and what did he believe in?

Answer 18

Nation of Islam

against MLKs peaceful methods- wanted aggression and ultimately blacks to have their own state

Question 19

who did the SNCC become more violent under and why?

Answer 19

Stokely Carmichael

wanted black power

Question 20

who were the black panthers?

Answer 20

2000 members who were like a mafia

clashed wity police (9 killed between 1967-69

Question 21

what happened in the race riots of 1965-67?

Answer 21

north and west (never had segregation) were still divided after years of poverty and discrimination, and poor relations with white police saw anger spread amongst black communities (ghettos) like Watts, LA