1918 crisis

Question 1

What were Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points

Answer 1

Points that were devised after the war as a means of dealing with it fairly, its aim was to prevent another war

Question 2

What are examples of Woodrow Wilsons 14 points

Answer 2

Return of Alsace-Lorraine to France
Establishment of a League of Nations
Self-determination
Self-governance
General disarmament

Question 3

Who did the kaiser appoint as his new chancellor

Answer 3

Prince Max of Baden

Question 4

What was the role of the chancellor in 1918

Answer 4

Responsible for the Reichstag

Question 5

How was the initial government created

Answer 5

Based on majority parties

Question 6

Who had control of the armed forces in 1918

Answer 6

Civil government

Question 7

When did Prince Max write to Woodrow Wilson about an armistice

Answer 7

3rd October

Question 8

Who resigned in 1918 and fled to Sweden

Answer 8

Ludendorff

Question 9

When was the anti kaiser strike by the workers in 1918

Answer 9

22nd October

Question 10

What date did sailors at the German naval base took control

Answer 10

3rd November

Question 11

What occurred on the 4th November 1918

Answer 11

Revolt spread through the city and throughout the country

Question 12

When did the republics claim Bavaria

Answer 12

8th November

Question 13

Where did the SPD call for a strike

Answer 13

In Berlin by the workers

Question 14

What date did the Kaiser refuse abdication

Answer 14

9th November

Question 15

Who made the kaiser abdicate

Answer 15

Max did it for him

Question 16

What did Prince Max do after abdicating the kaiser

Answer 16

He then resigned from his role

Question 17

Who was appointed successor after Max

Answer 17

Freidrich Ebert

Question 18

After the kaiser abdication, why was it a struggle for power

Answer 18

Different political groups vied for control to shape the future political, economic and social structure of Germany.

Question 19

What party was Ebert from

Answer 19

SPD

Question 20

What did Ebert believe when appointed chancellor

Answer 20

He did not believe in a violent revolution. He wanted to build a democratic, parliamentary system of government.

Question 21

What was Ebert’s first priority in office

Answer 21

His first priority was to organise elections for a constituent Assembly which would draw up a new constitution.

Question 22

Where was social anarchy the norm

Answer 22

Beyond Berlin

Question 23

What is anarchy

Answer 23

A state of disorder due to absence or non-recognition of authority or other controlling systems

Question 24

Who were particularly involved with anarchy and how

Answer 24

Former servicemen. Were at demonstrations, strikes and violent clashes with the police and army

Question 25

What were the 2 major threats for Ebert initially

Answer 25

Workers' and soldiers' councils

Question 26

What happened on the 22nd November 1918 in terms of agreements

Answer 26

They agreed the government would only exercise power in name of the councils

Question 27

What were the 3 main reasons people believed the Prussian institute would truly vanish

Answer 27

Aristocratic states were broken up Army, civil service and judiciary were democratised Key industries nationalised under the control of the workers

Question 28

Who was the armies new leader in 1918

Answer 28

Groener

Question 29

What was Groener's initial aims

Answer 29

The value of order and discipline and was determined to defeat any attempt at a communist revolution

Question 30

What were Groener's terms to Ebert about the army

Answer 30

He would support Ebert if the army were not democratised and Ebert defended Germany against a communist revolution

Question 31

What was Ebert and Groener's agreement called and when was it

Answer 31

10th November, Ebert-Groener pact

Question 32

What uprising occurred on 6th December 1918

Answer 32

A spartacist uprising

Question 33

What happened in the first spartacist uprising

Answer 33

Berlin was fired on by soldiers and 16 were killed

Question 34

What uprising occurred on 23rd and 24th of December

Answer 34

Sailors revolt

Question 35

What happened in the sailors revolt

Answer 35

It occurred in Berlin, it was put down by the army and it led to 3 USPD ministers resigning

Question 36

What uprising occurred on the 6th January 1919

Answer 36

2nd spartacist uprising

Question 37

What happened in the 2nd spartacist uprising

Answer 37

Was heavy fighting on the street but was ultimately crushed after a week to due limited support. by the army and freikorps

Question 38

Who led the 2nd spartacist uprising and what happened to them

Answer 38

Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, they were both executed

Question 39

When was the first election to the constituent assembly

Answer 39

January 1919

Question 40

What is the constituent assembly

Answer 40

An elected body with the specific task of drawing up a new constitution, usually in the aftermath of a revolution.

Question 41

Who did the constituent assembly chose as president of the new German republic

Answer 41

Ebert

Question 42

Who was in the initial coalition

Answer 42

SPD, centre and german democratic parties