1911 - 1918 The liberal state

Question 1

Name 4 characteristics of Giovanni Giolitti

Answer 1

.He sought cooperation between the socialists and the catholics
.Wanted an Italian overseas empire
.Nicknamed the minister of the underworld
.Committed liberal

Question 2

What were Giolitti’s main aims in regards to the liberals?

Answer 2

.Head of the liberal system and aimed to keep the liberals majority.
.Believed in Itallian Unity
.Found it hard to keep power with extension of the franchise in 1882 / 1912

Question 3

What were Giolitti’s main aims in regards to the Socialists?

Answer 3

.Socialist party gained popularity, with policies of suffrage for men, 8 hour working days.
.Split into moderates and maximalists (radicals)
.Giolitti aimed to encourage the moderates to ally with the liberals.

Question 4

What were Giolitti’s main aims in regards to the Catholics?

Answer 4

.Catholics were hostile to Italian state.

.Giolittie aimed to get support from Catholics by allying with pope against socialists.

Question 5

What were Giolitti’s main aims in regards to the Nationalists?

Answer 5

.Didn’t see nationalists as much of a threat

.Invaded Libya due to nationalist public opinion.

Question 6

When were the extension of the franchise?

Answer 6

.1882

.1912

Question 7

What where the main successes for Giolitti

Answer 7

.1910 introduced maternity fund, families paid 40 lira per baby
.Electoral franchise extended from 3 million to 8.5 million, from 1912 all literate men over 21 could vote.
.One third of the worlds supply of silk was supplied by Italy.
.Car companies flourished with first supplying half of Italy’s vehicles.

Question 8

What where the main Failures for Giolitti

Answer 8

.Worsened economic conditions led to more strikes after 1908.
.By 1911 catholics were part of the governing coalition, 40 stood and 17 elected.
.1908 downturn in economy
.Socialists party gained almost a quarter of votes cast in 1913.
.1913 liberals lost 71 seats, coalition fell apart and he had to resign in 1914.

Question 9

What were the main reasons for going to war in Libya?

Answer 9

.Assert claim in Africa (place in the sun)
.Powerful Italian business interested in Libya
.Popular support for invasion
.Reduce nationalist support

Question 10

What were the main successes of the Libyan war?

Answer 10

.Secured coastal cities
.Established comercial interest
.Captured Libya from the Turks
.Demonstrated new superior technology

Question 11

What were the main Failures of the Libyan war?

Answer 11

.Had to fight Arabs as well as Turks
.Stalemate and Gorilla warfare with Arabs
.Couldn’t take Tunisia

Question 12

Why did Giolitti resign in 1914?

Answer 12

.His alliances had fallen apart

.New parties were organised and ideologically motivated

Question 13

What was the impact of the extension of the franchise 1912?

Answer 13

.Reduction in Liberal votes

.Increase in Catholic and socialist votes

Question 14

What was the consensus for intervention in 1914?

Answer 14

Wanted intervention -
.Nationalists

Opposed to intervention -
.Catholics
.Liberals
.Socialists

Question 15

Why after pleading neutrality in 1914 did they move to intervention on the side of the entente?

Answer 15

.Nationalist movement
.Press support of entente
.Power of Police and Military

Question 16

What was the Treaty of London?

Answer 16

.Secret treaty between entente and Italy

.In return for Italian support, they would be given an array of territories from Austria Hungary.