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Electronic Fuel Systems > 190204d Emissions Control/After Treatment System > Flashcards

190204d Emissions Control/After Treatment System Flashcards

0
Q

API stands for

A

American Petroleum Institue

Conducts research and verifes info for petroleum industry

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1
Q

What does EPA stand for?

A

Environmental Protection Agency

Sets emission standards for hydrocarbon powered engines

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2
Q

In 2002 EGR regulations mandated ___ reduction in the ________ of ______

A

50%

NOx oxides of nitrogen

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3
Q

The combinations of using EGR and retarted injection timing to reduce NOx in a loss of what?

A

Loss of power and reduced fuel economy.

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4
Q

A negative effects of EGR is that it causes an in crease of CO and HC this requires additional after treatment usallu in the form of?

A

DOC

Diesel oxidation catalist

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5
Q

What are 2 types basic types of EGR valves

A

Butterfly and poppet

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6
Q

The regulatory body that sets emission levels for North American diesel engines is

A

The EPA. Environmental protection agency

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7
Q

Initial EPA Tier 4 emissions were introduced for off-road equipment engines in what year

A

2011

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8
Q

To be compliant with EPA 2007 emission regulations, a highway tractor must be equipped with an EGR system and a

A

DPF

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9
Q

In the EGR system, the VDT is controlled by the ECM to vary

A

Exhaust back pressure

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10
Q

With the EGR system, introducing exhaust gas into the intake manifold is done to reduce the engines

A

Combustion pressure and temperature

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11
Q

The cooling system on an engine equipped with the EGR system has a greater heat loading because of

A

Exhaust gases must pass through a water cooled heat exchanger

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12
Q

To obtain EGR flow, the VGT turbocharger nozzle vanes would have to be

A

Partially closed

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13
Q

A particulate trap is used to remove what emissions from a diesel engines exhaust

A

Soot

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14
Q

The DOC in the exhaust aftertreatment module reacts with injected hydrocarbons to do what

A

Create additional heat for DPF regeneration

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15
Q

To monitor operation of the exhaust aftertreatment module on a DPF equipped diesel engine, there are temperature sensors at.

A

The DOC Inlet, DOC outlet and DPF outlet

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16
Q

If the yellow DPF lamp is illuminated solid the operator should

A

Increase the duty cycle and load on the engine

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17
Q

If the suit loading on a DPF rises above 80% the engine will

A

Undergo a severe De-rate and shut down

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18
Q

To prevent damage to the filter core. a diesel engine equipped with a DPF must use

A

ULSD ultra low sulfur diesel

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19
Q

A plugged DPF or DOC can cause

A

Excessive exhaust system back pressure

20
Q

If a dosing valve is used on an engine equipped with a DPF. The purpose of this dosing valve is to supply what

A

Hydrocarbons to react with the DOC

21
Q

During regeneration, the DPF converts spot emissions to harmless compounds of what

A

CO2 and NO

22
Q

How do you remove the trapped ash from the DPF

A

With an off vehicle cleaning process at periodic intervals

23
Q

During a regeneration cycle, the outlet exhaust temperature of the DPF system will reach

A

593°C or 1100°F

24
Q

The ECM determines when the soot level in the DPF is excessive by monitoring what signal

A

The differential pressure sensor signal

25
Q

On a DPF system, the HEST lamp is usually illuminated when.

A

During a regeneration cycle

26
Q

That SCR system is primarily used to reduce emissions of what

A

NOx

27
Q

a DPF soot loading level of 60% is indicated by what

A

A moderate engine de-rate and a flashing yellow DPF lamp

28
Q

DEF is sprayed in before the catalytic converter on an SCR system where it mixes with the hot exhaust gases and is converted into

A

Ammonia and CO2

29
Q

After the ammonia and exhaust gases pass through the SCR catalytic converter, the NOx emissions are converted to

A

Nitrogen and water vapor

30
Q

The industry standard for DEF is a solution of

A

32.5% urea and 67.5% distilled water

31
Q

How much carbon is in smog after the combustion process

A

40%

32
Q

What is opacity

A

The degree in which smoke blocks light

33
Q

Active regeneration requires what to be injected into the exhaust stream ?

A

Hydrocarbons (deisel fuel)

34
Q

If the fluid level in the SCR reservoir gets below the minimum level, the ECM will warn the operator and

A

De-rate the engine

35
Q

The SCR metering module sends a specific quantity of DEF to the dosing module based on

A

Engine load and exhaust temperature

36
Q

2007 on highway truck engine must use oil that meets API ________ ? specifications to be compatible with the exhaust aftertreatment devices

A

CJ4

37
Q

When following manufacture specs, what mods are allowed on the exhaust system on a system with an SCR

A

Tailpipe modifications

38
Q

Besides “cow farts” what are some emissions related to greenhouse gasses

A

N0x , C0, and C02.

39
Q

The EGR valve controls the gas flow to the cooler by opening up the butterfly valve which is positioned by

A

An air operated actuator

40
Q

TQ. During active regen what do the hydro carbons react with in the doc to produce heat ?

A

They react with the catalysts in the doc core (exhaust gas outlet temps will reach 593 C (1100 F)

41
Q

TQ. Active regeneration can be initiated 3 ways, what are they ?

A

ECM , DPF dash switch ,

Engine manufacturer’s diagnostic program or electronic service tool

42
Q

What controls the Dosing Valve during regeneration process ?

A

ECM

43
Q

How many temperature sensors do the DOC and DPF have ?

A

Three (DOC inlet and outlet/DPF inlet) (DPF outlet)

44
Q

How many pressure sensors does the DPF have ?

A

Two (inlet and outlet)

45
Q

The combination of using EGR and retarded injection timing to reduce NOx would result in

A

Loss of power and reduced fuel economy

46
Q

TQ. What events occur when DPF soot loading reaches 80% ?

A

DPF light flashing, check engine light comes on and begins to de-rate engine. The DPF is at Maximum capacity. Operator must park unit and force regeneration with dash switch.

47
Q

Diesel engines create particulate matter. 3 main sources are ?

A

Unburnt fuel
ash from diesel fuel
soluble organic fractions (sof)

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