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Diesel Fuel Injection Systems > 190203a Diesel Fuel and Storage Tanks > Flashcards

190203a Diesel Fuel and Storage Tanks Flashcards

1
Q

Diesel fuel is one of many products obtain during the refining of

A

Crude oil

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2
Q

What is the cetane number for #1 winter grade diesel fuel

A

45-50

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3
Q

What is the cetane number for #2 summer fuel

A

35-40

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4
Q

What is the #1D winter fuel pour point?

A

-44C or -47.2F

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5
Q

What is the #2D summer fuel pour point?

A

-23C or -9.4F

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6
Q

Why must dual tanks be connected ?

A

So that fuel levels equalize during withdrawal.

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7
Q

Cloud point is

A

The temperature which waxes (paraffin) becomes insoluble and starts to solidify.

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8
Q

The flash point of #1D winter fuel is

A

Minimum is 43C or 110F

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9
Q

The flash point of #2 summer fuel is

A

Minimum of 51.7C or 125F

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10
Q

The standpipe should be how many inches from the fuel return, to allow for what ?

A

12” & so that return fuel can cool down before being recirculated.

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11
Q

Why should storage tanks be mounted on an angle ?

A

To allow condensed water & sediment to collect at the low point and be drained.

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12
Q

After handling fuel drums how long should they be left to sit to allow contaminates to settle ?

A

24 hours.

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13
Q

When standing drums on end to pump fuel out, how far from the bottom should the standpipe be ?

A

1 - 2 inches.

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14
Q

Is the BTU content of summer diesel fuel higher than that of winter diesel fuel??

A

Yes. The winter fuel has lower specific gravity. To help prevent gelling (freazing) of the diesel fuel. By Reduced paraffin waxes.

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15
Q

When handling diesel fuel for prolonged periods of time. You may encounter what condition?

A

Dermatitis (inflammation).

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16
Q

When exposed to diesel fuel vapours what condition can this cause

A

Oil Pneumonia. Be smart.

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17
Q

Diesel fuel and other fuels such as jet fuel and kerosene are part of a large group of compounds called what?

A

Hydrocarbons

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18
Q

Test oil should be used instead of diesel fuel for many reasons, such as

A

Low gum deposits, less corrosion, low odor, higher flash point and contoured viscosity
(And a controlled viscosity for accurate testing)

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19
Q

It is recommended that test equipment for diesel injection components use what instead of diesel fuel as a fluid medium?

A

Test oil

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20
Q

What is the biggest concern when storing and transferring diesel fuel?

A

Water and sediment

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21
Q

Best way to prevent water and sediment?

A

Proper fuel handling practices

22
Q

Water in a fuel system can cause?

A

Rust and

Increases fuel viscosity (can result in damaged injection parts due to excessively high injection pressures)

23
Q

If you suspect fuel has microbial contamination, you can check it with?

A

A test kit

24
Q

Galvanized steel fuel tanks should not be used for diesel fuel storage because?

A

There is a chemical reaction between diesel fuel and the zinc used in the galvanizing process.

25
Q

Why is barrel centerline on an angle?

A

Because water and sediment collect at the lowest point

26
Q

Why must storage tanks be vented?

A

To allow expansion and contraction of the fuel and to allow atmospheric pressure to act on the fuel during withdrawal.

27
Q

How far should the outlet for the filler hose be positioned from the bottom of the tank?

A

7.6 to 10.1 cm (3 to 4 inches)

28
Q

Why should the filler hose be positioned 3- 4 inches off the bottom of a fuel storage tank?

A

To prevent drawing out water and sediment with the fuel

29
Q

How much power output loss will you experience from switching #2D summer fuel to winter fuel #1D ?

A

3-10 % loss in power output

30
Q

What does the crossover line do on dual fuel tanks ?

A

Allows fuel level to equalize in both tanks

31
Q

The term cetane rating refers to the ability of

A

Diesel fuel to ignite

32
Q

As compared to winter diesel fuel, the BTU content of summer diesel fuel is

A

higher

33
Q

What are the four basic categories for diesel fuel additives used in the refining process

A

Engine performance, fuel handling, fuel stability, contaminant control

34
Q

______________ can be added to a diesel fuel tank in small amounts to prevent the formation of ice crystals when temperatures drop below freezing

A

Isopropyl alcohol

35
Q

Fuel tanks should be vented to prevent

A

To prevent a vacuum from forming in the tank during withdrawal

36
Q

What phrase best describes the term flashpoint

A

The lowest temperature fuel will give off flammable vapors

37
Q

Microbial contamination of diesel fuel can be prevented by

A

Maintaining a clean, dry fuel supply

38
Q

2 rules to follow when adding alcohol to diesel fuel. (NOT methyl hydrate)

A 
Use isopropyl (rubbing alcohol)
Only use  0.5% concentration by volume. 
Example 455L of diesel will = 2.3L (0.5%)
39
Q

Diesel is a compound composed of what?

A

85% carbon and 15% hydrogen

40
Q

Diesel fuel is rated by Cetane number. Define “cetane number”?

A

Cetane number is a measure of the ignition quality of diesel fuel.

41
Q

During the chemical separation process to refine crude oil, what is “upgrading”?

A

Upgrading is the chemical processes used to improve the quality of the oil. (ie. hydro-treating)

42
Q

List 5 properties used to describe diesel fuel

A

Any of these 9:

  • ignition quality
  • energy content
  • volatility
  • viscosity
  • pour point
  • cloud point
  • flash point
  • sulphur content
  • water and sediment content
43
Q

Where are primary filters placed in the fuel circuit?

A

are placed between the fuel tank and the transfer pump inlet (protects the transfer pump)

44
Q

Where is the secondary filters placed in the fuel circuit?

A

placed between the outlet of the transfer pump and the inlet of the injection pump (protects the injection pump)

45
Q

What does air consist of?

A

79% nitrogen

21% oxygen

46
Q

The rate of evaporation of fuel is called?

A

volatility

47
Q

What is Fractionating?

A

refining process using heat, boiling to split petroleum

separation

48
Q

What makes up diesel fuel?

A

85% carbon

15% hydrogen

49
Q

What is octane?

A

octane-gas engine

ignites when it is higher, resistance to ignition

50
Q

Why should galvanized tanks be used to sot=re diesel fuel?

A

Coating can dissolve into the fuel

Diesel Fuel Injection Systems (8 decks)

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