1.9 Chemical Analysis

Question 1

Difference in temps for pure substances and mixtures

Answer 1

Pure substances have specific temperatures for melting and boiling

Mixtures have a range of values

Question 2

What is a formulation

Answer 2

A mixture that has been designed as a useful product and is formed by mixing together several different substances ensuring the product has the required properties

Question 3

What is a mixture

Answer 3

Two or more substances mixed together which are usually easy to seperate

Question 4

Mixtures, Dissolving, Filtrating, Crystilisation

Answer 4

Dissolving - The soluble salt dissolves in water
Filtration - The solution which passes through the filter paper
Crystilisation - The process of forming crystals from a solution

Question 5

Soluble meaning

Answer 5

Substance dissolves in water

Question 6

Insoluble meaning

Answer 6

A substance does not dissolve in water

Question 7

Solute meaning

Answer 7

A soluble substance which dissolves

Question 8

A solvent meaning

Answer 8

The liquid in which the solute dissolves

Question 9

Solution meaning

Answer 9

The mixture of the solute dissolved in solvent

Solute + Solvent = Solution

Question 10

Residue

Answer 10

The insoluble solid which remains on the filter paper

Question 11

What is filtrate

Answer 11

The solution which passes through the filter paper

Question 12

What is Miscible

Answer 12

LIquids mix, dissolving into one another

Question 13

What is immiscible

Answer 13

Liquids do not mix

Question 14

What is simple distillation

Answer 14

Seperating a solvent from solution

Question 15

What is Evaporation

Answer 15

The change of state from a liquid to a gas below the boiling point

Question 16

Condensation meaning

Answer 16

The change of state from gas to a liquid

Question 17

Distillate meaning

Answer 17

The liquid has been condensed from vapour during distillation

Question 18

How can miscible liquids be mixed if they have different boiling points

Answer 18

Fractional Distillation

Question 19

What is Paper chromatography

Answer 19

Seperation of mixtures of soluble substances by running a solvent through the mixture on the paper

Question 20

How do you know a dye is soluble during chromatography

Answer 20

The more soluble the dye is in the mobile phase the further up the paper it travels

Question 21

Separation techniques for

Insoluble solid and liquid

Soluble solid and the liquid in which it is dissolved

Miscible liquids

Immiscible liquids

Soluble Substances

Answer 21

Insoluble solid and liquid - Filtration

Soluble solid and the liquid in which it is dissolved - Crystallisation

Miscible liquids - Fractional distillation

Immiscible liquids - Separating funnel

Soluble Substances - Chromatography

Question 22

Test for water

Answer 22

Anhydrous copper (II) sulfate (CuS0₄) is a white powder. Whenever water is added it turns blue

Question 23

Colour of flame

Sodium ion

Potassium ion

Calcium ion

Lithium ion

Copper ion

Answer 23

Sodium ion - orange or yellow

Potassium ion - lilac

Calcium ion - brick red

Lithium ion - crimson

Copper ion - green - blue