18th Century Context (1700’s) Flashcards
When did the Industrial Revolution have an impact
Late 18th century / early 19th century
What kind of neologisms were created because of the Industrial Revolution
Ones based on the scientific and industrial advances to describe new creations and discoveries
What were the scientific and industrial neologisms based on
Classical language such as Latin and Greek
E.g words ending in -onomies and -ologies
Such as biology, taxonomy, morphology
When were tabloids and broadsheets invented
The 18th century
When and why did prescriptivism rise
The 18th century
Scholars believed the English language was too chaotic
Who was a prescriptivist who tried to ‘degenerate’ and ‘purify’ the English language
Jonathon swift
What did jonathon swift do
He was a prescriptivist who tried to ‘degenerate’ and ‘purify’ the English language
Did prescriptivism succeed
No, the varied accents and dialects in the 21st century illustrate how it failed
When was the first published dictionary and by who
1755
Samuel Johnson
What was published in 1755
The first published dictionary
What did Samuel Johnson create
The first dictionary in 1755
What was on the rise in the 18th century and what did they do
Grammar books
Pronunciation manuals
Contributed to standardisation and the prescriptive era
What was the prescriptive era
It was believed that only by following the rules of grammar and punctuation would speakers be seen as educated and thus lead to the decline of regional accents
What did the Industrial Revolution do in terms of speech
Created a greater contrast of speech between different social groups
E.g the industrial workers and those who followed the new grammar rules
When was the education for all act passed
1870
Who had access to education in the 18th century
Mainly the wealthy as it was pre education act
Some charity school were established in the early 18th century for the lower working class to teach them religion, how to read and write, and physical skills like cobbling shoes and carpentry
When were the first charity schools established
Early 18th century
What did the first charity schools teach and to who
For the lower working class
To teach them religion, how to read and write, and physical skills like cobbling shoes and carpentry
What were the gender roles
Men were breadwinners
Women were to focus on practical domestic activities which were difficult without the tech we have today
