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AS American History > 1890-c1920 > Flashcards

1890-c1920 Flashcards

1
Q

When was the U.S. formed?

A

4th July 1776

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2
Q

What are the two features of the Constitution?

A

The Bill of Rights and a set of rules

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3
Q

Name the three parts of the US political system

A

Legislative
Judiciary
Executive

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4
Q

Percentage of control each part of US political system has?

A

33%

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5
Q

What is the legislative body is called?

A

Congress

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6
Q

What are the two parts of the Congress?

A

Senate

House of Representatives

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7
Q

How long is the term of the Senate?

A

6 Years

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8
Q

How long is the term of the House of Representatives?

A

2 Years

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9
Q

How many judges in the Supreme Court?

A

9 Judges

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10
Q

Who appoints the Supreme Court?

A

The President

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11
Q

How long does the president’s term last?

A

4 Years

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12
Q

What are the two main political parties?

A

Republicans

Democrats

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13
Q

Were the Progressives pro or anti Big Business

A

Anti

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14
Q

Who were the Populists?

A

A political party

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15
Q

What type of society was America originally?

A

An Agrarian Society

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16
Q

In the 20th Century, America became increasingly what?

A

Urbanised

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17
Q

Between 1866-1915, how many people moved to America?

A

25 Million

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18
Q

Where did the majority of immigrants come from?

A

Eastern and Southern Europe

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19
Q

What year did immigration peak?

A

1907 (1.3 Million Immigrants)

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20
Q

Name three push factors for immigrants in the early 1900s and why they were push factors

A

Escape persecution e.g Jews from Russia (In 1870 only 80000 Jews in NYC however in 1915, 1.5 million Jews)
Modernisation of farming b/c it destroyed farming communities and increased unemployment
To avoid military service (1900 time of increasing tension, arms race, etc.

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21
Q

Name three pull factors for immigrants in the early 1900s and why they were pull factors

A

Economic opportunities provided by plenty of land and resources
Employment opportunities increasing due to rise of industry
Pre paid passage, many employers paid for skilled workers to travel over

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22
Q

Name 3 postive impacts of immigration

A

Labour pool rises
Consumer market rises
Fuel economic growth

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23
Q

Name 3 negative impacts of immigration

A

Increased tension in the labour force
Exploration of immigrants
Immigrants used as scapegoats

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24
Q

When did the first trans-continental railway open?

A

1869

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25
What did the first trans-continental railway allow and what did it fuel?
Access for goods movement, fuelling big business
26
Did the agrarian economy stay in the south?
Yes because of culture and topography
27
Explain why there was mass immigration to the USA in the years 1890 to 1914
Escape persecution e.g Jews from Russia (In 1870 only 80000 Jews in NYC however in 1915, 1.5 million Jews) Modernisation of farming b/c it destroyed farming communities and increased unemployment Pre paid passage, many employers paid for skilled workers to travel over
28
Why was there economic growth in the years 1890-1919?
- Rapid Industrialisation especially in the north led to three causes of growth: a) industry led to profits b) employment rose, creating incomes c) incomes and industry bolstered consumer market - Space and raw materials were plentiful in America enabling rapid industrialisation to take place - Republicans had laissez faire approach to economy which meant trusts grew and therefore so did the economy
29
Why did America not ratify the Treaty of Versailles?
- Because Wilson did not take any Republicans to the Paris Peace Conference in December 1919 which made him unpopular in a republican dominated congress, which needed to ratify the treaty - Wilson was made unpopular because of demobilization which caused various problems - Wilson was stubborn and so had to go on a tour
30
Why did America not enter the war in 1914?
- America resulted in having a boosted economy due to double trading if entered war would lose this - Wilson was an idealist and wanted peace and co-operation among countries - America wanted to be seen as better than the European countries and they didn't wanted to be dogged into a European conflict
31
Why did American have a boosted economy by double trading in 1914?
Because it meant America had two sources of income, who both owned America loans which would carry interest.
32
What political ideology did Wilson have?
He was an Idealist
33
When was the Paris Peace Conference?
December 1919
34
Which party dominated congress in 1919?
The Republicans
35
What problems did Demobilisation cause?
Inter-racial violence Inflation Spanish Flu epidemic
36
How could Wilson have passed the Treaty of Versailles through congress?
By compromising
37
Which senator did Wilson anger the most for leaving the Republicans out of the Peace Conference?
Henry Cabot-Lodge (R-Mass)
38
What did do Wilson do after the Treaty was rejected?
He went on a three week tour
39
What signalled the end of the Treaty?
Wilson collapsing on Sep 25 and then Oct 2 meaning no one could lobby for the treaty and it was rejected in November and March
40
Explain why the Republicans won all elections, 1896-1908
Success of SPAM Backing of BB Mark Hanna, political strategist who targeted BB and ethnic vote
41
Why did the USA declare war on Spain in 1898?
Sinking of USS Maine Yellow Press De Lôme Letter
42
Explain why America got involved in Mexico, 1913
Woodrow Wilson and his morals Business interests To show WW had moved from Dollar Diplomacy
43
Explain why the USA became increasingly isolationist in the years 1918 to 1921
Domestic Issues, such as, Demobilisation were seen as more important Committed isolationists formed in Congress and rejected TofV, ect. Main advocate of intervention, WW, hit by stroke
44
Who was the US president in 1892-1896?
Grover Cleveland
45
Who was the US president in 1896-1901?
William McKinley
46
Who was the US president in 1901-1908?
Theodore Roosevelt
47
Who was the US president in 1908-1912?
William Howard Taft
48
Who was the US president in 1912-1920?
Woodrow Wilson
49
Who was the US president in 1920-1924
Warren G. Harding
50
What political party was Cleveland?
Democrat
51
What political party was McKinley?
Republican
52
What political party was Roosevelt?
Republican then "Bull Moose"
53
What political party was Taft?
Republican
54
What political party was Wilson?
Democrat
55
What political party was Harding?
Republican
56
Who are the progressive presidents?
Roosevelt Taft Wilson
57
What was Roosevelt's foreign policy called?
Big Stick Diplomacy
58
What was Big Stick Diplomacy?
It was Wilson's policy of intervening in countries often using the American military
59
What was Taft's foreign policy called?
Dollar Diplomacy
60
What was Dollar Diplomacy?
It was Taft's policy of investing rather than intervening in countries
61
What was the Monroe Doctrine?
A policy created in 1823 which said the Americas are no longer "open" to European colonisation due to it coming under America's sphere of influence
62
When was the Monroe Doctrine created?
1823
63
What was the Pacific Policy?
A policy created in the 19th Century saying America should dominate trade in the Pacific
64
What did A.T. Mahan say?
That for America to survive it must look outward
65
What is Progressivism?
U.S. Movement to expand the role of government in dealing with social and media company of problems and tackle corruption and abuses
66
What was muckracking journalism?
Where journalists began to expose scandals and corruption in America
67
Name one example of a muckraking journalist
Lincoln Steffens
68
How popular was muckraking journalism?
Collier's achieved a million sales per copy in 1912
69
How did muckraking link to progressivism?
Concern about muckraking scandals led to development of progressivism
70
What had Theodore Roosevelt done during SpAM?
He had led the "rough riders"
71
Why did Theodore Roosevelt become president?
Because McKinley was assassinated in 1901
72
What was Theodore Roosevelt's program of reform called?
The square deal
73
What was Theodore Roosevelt's opinion on trusts?
He was opposed to them
74
How did Theodore Roosevelt oppose trusts?
Used acts like the Sherman Act 1890 to control trusts.

AS American History (4 decks)

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