1865-1890 Social Flashcards
how many immigrants arrived between 1860-90, and where did they come from mainly (top 4 countries)?
10m
Germany, Sweden, Ireland, Scotland
where did swedes/Germans settle, and where did the Irish settle?
g/s=rural
i=urban (e.g. Boston, NY)
what was probably the key pulling factor?
industrialisation/urbanisation=work
who were recruited as cheap labour for the railroads?
Chinese
what was the term given to the influx of immigrants to the usa?
melting pot
what was nativism?
belief from those whose parents were born in US to protect from ‘alien’ ways
what 2 things created tensions between ‘new’ and ‘old’ immigrants?
jobs
housing
what was the term for the rising fear of the chinese?
yellow peril
when was the chinese exclusion act passed and what did it do?
1882
prevented Chinese getting american citizenship
why did white workers/TUs hate the chinese?
cheap/good work ethic
give 3 example of social divisions?
- farmers/workers (Granger Movement etc)
- temperance
- female suffrage
summarise the north/east at this time?
- industrialisation/urbanisation huge
- booming cities e.g. NY, Chicago
- population boom (x2 in NY between 1860-90)
- influence of railroads huge
summarise the south at this time?
- AAs vs Whites
- alienated 11 former confederate states
- rural
summarise the west at this time?
- ‘wild west’
- broken treaties with Native tribes=conflict
- boom towns
- myth of rugged individualism
when did the Granger Movement start and what did it do?
1867
helped farmers with land and loans
what did most AAs work as in the south after emancipation?
sharecrppers
what did the black codes become known as?
jim crow laws/grandfather clauses
give 5 ways AAs lives improved after 1865?
- many moved away
- chose surnames
- married freely
- set up new churches
- set up new schools
what were the first 3 AA unis?
Fisk
Howard
Hampton
who was Booker T Washington and what did he do?
headed Tuskagee institute in Alabama 1881-1915
give a criticism of B.T Washington?
accommodated white supremacy-too moderate
