1865-1890 Political Flashcards

1
Q

Between what years was the ‘Reconstruction Era’?

A

1865-1877

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2
Q

When did Congress propose an amendment to abolish slavery?

A

January 1865

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3
Q

When was the thirteenth amendment ratified?

A

December 18th 1865

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4
Q

When did the civil war end?

A

April 9th 1865

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5
Q

When was Lincoln assassinated?

A

15th April 1865

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6
Q

What party did Lincoln belong to?

A

Republican

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7
Q

Who succeeded Lincoln as president? (he was Lincoln’s Vice President)

A

Andrew Johnson

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8
Q

What party did Johnson belong to?

A

Democrats

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9
Q

What did the Confederate states have to do before they could rejoin the Union?

A
  • Adhere to the 13th Amendment and abolish slavery

- Vow loyalty to the Union

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10
Q

Where were the black codes adopted, and what did they do?

A

Midwestern states

regulate/inhibit migration of free AAs to the Midwest

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11
Q

what was the first state to institute laws that abolished the full civil rights of AAs?

A

Mississippi

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12
Q

when was the Freedmans Bureau formed and what did it do?

A

March 1865

provide relief and assistance (e.g. health, education) to former slaves

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13
Q

what did Johnson veto in March 1866?

A

the renewal of the powers of the Freedmans Bureau

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14
Q

what was a key problem facing the Federal Gov after the 13th amendment?

A

state govs still had too much power and introduced black codes etc

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15
Q

what did the 1966 congressional elections see?

A

radical republicans brought to power- they wanted to punish the south

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16
Q

give 3 things the 1866 civil rights act allowed?

A

right to make contracts
own/sell property
receive equal treatment by law

17
Q

what did the 1867 military reconstruction acts do?

A

divided the south into 5 military districts and enforced the new laws

18
Q

when was Johnson impeached?

A

1868

19
Q

when was the 14th amendment passed and what did it do?

A

1867

provided citizenship and civil liberties to recently freed slaves

20
Q

who were carpetbaggers?

A

those who went from north to south for political/economic interests

21
Q

Grant won the 1868 election by how many votes?

A

300k (approx same number of voting blacks)

22
Q

which party firmly had control of all 3 branches of the federal gov. in 1869?

A

republicans

23
Q

when was the 15th amendment passed and what did it do?

A

prohibited states denying the votes on grounds of race

24
Q

when was the final civil rights act passed during reconstruction?

A

1875

25
Q

who won the 1872 election?

A

Grant

26
Q

who were the ‘redeemers’ and what did they do?

A

democrats who fought to redeem south (conservatives and sothern dems.)

‘took back’ states like Mississippi by taking away voting rights etc (e.g. literacy tests)

27
Q

give 2 opponents to radical reconstruction?

A

democratic redeemers

‘white terrorists’ i.e kkk

28
Q

how many freedmen were killed in the 1873 Colfax Massacre?

A

150

29
Q

give 2 examples of Grants scandals?

A
  • 1869 black friday gold scandal

- tweed ring in NYC ($45m looted from state under Grants nose)

30
Q

who were the candidates in the 1876 disputed election and who won?

A

Hayes (rep) vs Tilden (dems)

Hayes (8 votes to 7)

31
Q

what did Hayes offer as the 1877 compromise and what impact did this have on reconstruction?

A

remove troops from south/only stay 1 term (lane duck)

meant it was essentially over since there was nothing to enforce laws in the south

32
Q

what were the 2 groups dividing the rep party?

A

Stalwarts (pro grant) vs halfbreeds (pro Baine)

33
Q

who won 1880 election but was killed in 1881, and who took over?

A
James Gerfield (rep)
Chester Arthur (absolutely awful)
34
Q

who won the 1884 election, becoming the first dem pres. since civil war?

A

Cleveland

35
Q

who won the 1888 election and who were his supporters?

A

Harrison (rep)

Grand Army of the Republic- rewarded with pensions

36
Q

define pork-barrel politics?

A

passing laws to reward people/regions for their backing

led to large cartels buying politicians

37
Q

when was the Sherman anti trust act passed by congress and what did it do?

A

1890

ensure fair competition and stop monopolies of industry