18.14 the stress response Flashcards
What is eustress
prepares us to meet certain challenges - is helpful
What is distress
harmful stress
what is a stressor
any stimulus that produces a stress
the stress response is controlled mainly by ?
the hypothalamus
the stress response 3 stages
- fight or flight response
- a slower resistance reaction
- exhaustion
the fight or flight response is initiated by nerve impulses from the
hypothalamus
to the sympathetic division of the ANS
including the medulla
during the fight or flight response which body functions are inhibited?
digestive, urinary and reproductive activites
reduction of blood flow to the kidneys promotes release of what?
renin
the second stage of the stress response (the resistance reaction) is initiated by?
in the large part by hypothalamic releasing hormones - is a longer-lasting response
Which hormones are involved in the resistance reaction stage by the hypothalamus?
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH),
thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
CRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete what? which in turn stimulates the adrenal cortex to increase the release of what?
ACTH, cortisol
what happens if the resistance stage fails to combat the stressor?
exhaustion
prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol and other hormones involved in the resistance reaction causes?
wasting of muscle
suppression of the immune system
ulceration of the GI tract
Failure of pancreatic beta cells
what substance is secreted by marophages of the immune system and is an important like between stress & immunity?
interleukin-1
what does interleukin-1 do provide resistance to stress and inflammation & suppress further production of interleukin-1?
stimulates secretion of ACTH which in turn stimulates the production of cortisol which provides resistance to stress and inflammation & suppresses further production of interleukin-1
