18.13 other endocrine tissues & organs, eicosanoids, and growth factors Flashcards
What is the hormone in the skin which plays a role in synthesis of caclitriol (active form of vitamin D)
cholecalciferol
Which hormone in the GI tract promotes secretion of gastric juice and increases movements of the stomach
gastrin
What does the glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) stimulate
the release of insulin by pancreatic beta cells
What hormone in the GI tract stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice and bile?
secretin
What does cholecystokinin do in the GI tract? (3 things)
- stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice
- regulates release of bile from gallbladder
- causes feeling fullness after eating
In the placenta, what hormone stimulates corpus lute in ovary to continue production of estrogens and progesterone to maintain pregnancy?
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
What does the human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) do in the placenta?
stimulates development of mammary glands for lactation
In the kidneys, what hormone is part of reaction sequence that raises blood pressure by bringing about vasoconstriction and secretion of aldosterone?
renin
What does erythropoietin (EPO) in the kidneys do?
increases rate of RBC formation
What hormone aids in absorption of dietary calcium and phosphorus?
calcitriol
What hormone in the heart decreases blood pressure?
atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
What hormone in the adipose tissue suppresses appetite and may increase FSH and LH activity?
leptin
what are the 2 families of eicosanoid molecules?
prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs)
where re the eicosanoid molecules found in the body?
in virtually all body cells except RBCs where they act as local hormones (paracrine or autocrine) in response to a chemical or mechanical stimuli
They are synthesized by?
clipping a 20 carbon fatty acid called arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipid molecules
what is thromboxane (TX)
a modified PG that constricts blood vessels and promotes platelet activation
why are eicosanoids present only briefly in blood?
due to rapid inactivation
leukotrienes stimulate chemotaxis (attraction to a chemical stimulus) of
WBC’s and mediate inflammation
prostaglandins do what?
alter smooth muscle contraction, granular secrtitions, blood flow, reproductive processes, platelet function, respiration, nerve impulse transmission, lipid metabolism & immune responses and roller in promoting inflammation fever and in testifying pain
