Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics A-level > 18 Simple Harmonic Motion > Flashcards

18 Simple Harmonic Motion Flashcards

1
Q

Time period

A

Oscillating motion is the time for one complete cycle of oscillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Frequency

A

Oscillations in the number of cycles per seconds made by oscillating object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ψ

Angular frequency

A

2π / t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Displacement

A

Of an object from equilibrium continually changes during the motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phase difference

A

2πΔt / T

( in radians)
The time between successive instants when the two objects are at maximum displacement in the same direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Variation of velocity with time

A

Magnitude of the velocity is greatest when the gradient of the displacement-time graph is greatest

Velocity is zero when the displacement-time graph is zero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Variation of acceleration with time

A

(Given by the gradient of the velocity-time graph)

Acceleration is greatest when the gradient of velocity-time graph is greatest, this is when the velocity is zero and maximum displacement

Acceleration is zero when the gradient of the velocity-time graph is zero. ( displacement is zero and velocity at maximum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acceleration is always in the opposite direction to the displacement

True or false?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Simple harmonic motion (conditions)

A

Proportional to displacement

Opposite direction to the displacement

a = -x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Acceleration

A

a = -ω^2 x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

State two quantities that increase when the temperature of a given mass of gas is increased at a constant volume

A

Pressure and kinetic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What assumptions are made when using the equation Q=ml

A

No heat is loss to the surrounding

100% efficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Simple harmonic motion

A

Acceleration is proportional to displacement

Direction is opposite to displacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is the motion is no longer simple harmonic motion

A

Bungee cord becomes slack
Motion under gravity
Constant acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where on the bungee cord is the stress at a maximum

A

Stress = F/A

Force at this point includes the whole cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Larger amplitude ( pendulum)

A

Reduces air resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Longer time period ( pendulum)

A

Reduces uncertainty in reaction time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Uniform circular motion

A

When an object rotates at a steady rate / speed

19
Q

Angular speed

A

Angle displacement per second

20
Q

Angular displacement

A

Angle turned through in a time

21
Q

Centripetal acceleration

A

Acceleration of an object in uniform circular motion

22
Q

Free oscillation

A

A freely oscillating object oscillates with a constant amplitude

No frictional forces

23
Q

Damping

A

Damping occurs when frictional forces cause the amplitude of an oscillation to decrease

24
Q

Light damping

A

In this case the amplitude gradually decreases with time

25
Q

Critical damping

A

In this case the system returns to equilibrium without overshooting, in the shortest possible time after it has been displaced from equilibrium

26
Q

Heavy damping

A

Returns to equilibrium more slowly than the critical damping case

27
Q

Forced vibration

A

Vibrations of the system subjected to an external force

28
Q

Resonance

A

The amplitude of vibration of an oscillating system subjected to a periodic force is largest when the periodic force has the same frequency as the resonant frequency of the system

29
Q

Resonant frequency

A

The frequency of an oscillating system in resonance

30
Q

Applied frequency of the periodic force

Is equal to …

A

The natural frequency of the system

31
Q

Phase difference between displacement and the periodic force is …

A

1/2π

32
Q

Resonance ( lighter the damping)

A

Larger the maximum amplitude becomes at resonance

Closer the resonant frequency is to the natural frequency of the system

33
Q

Amplitude

A

Oscillations is the maximum displacement of the oscillating object. Form equlibrium

34
Q

free vibration

A

vibrations where the is no damping and no periodic force acting on the system, so the amplitude of the oscillations is constant

35
Q

sinusoidal curves

A

any curve with the same shape as a sine wave

36
Q

periodic force

A

a force that varies regularly in magnitude with a define time period

37
Q

applications of simple harmonic motion

A

T = KΔL
a = -kx / m
a = -Ψ^2x
(object would oscillate in a simple harmonic motion )

T=2π √ m/k

38
Q

what determines the frequency of oscillation of a loaded spring?

A

adding extra mass

using a weaker spring

39
Q

simple harmonic motion speed equation

A

(Ek=1/2mv^2)

v= ±√ (A^2 -x^2)

(x=0 would give the maximum speed)

40
Q

energy displacement graph

A

Ep = 1/2 kx^2

kinetic energy of inverted parabola
Ek = Et -Ep
= 1/2 k(A^2 -x^2)

41
Q

for a oscillating frequency system with little or no damping at resonance

A

the applied frequency of the periodic force = the natural frequency of the system

42
Q

bridge oscillations

A

bridges can oscillate because of the springs and it mass
a cross wind can form a force on a bridge, if the wind speed is such that the periodic force is equal to the natural frequency, resonate can occur
a steady trail of people in step with each other walking across a footbridge can cause resonant oscillations of the bridge span if there is not enough damping

43
Q

max speed

A

ωA

44
Q

max acceleration

A

ω^2 A

Physics A-level (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions