18 - Invertebrate Diversity Flashcards
3 Types of Body Symmetry
None - No symmetry
Radial - Multiple plains could be cut and have symmetrical sides
Bilateral - Only open plain of symmetry (heads)
3 Types Coelom
Acoelomate
Pseudocoelomate
True Coelom (Coelomate)
Coelom function
Absorb shock - contains fluid to cushion and protect organs.
Hydrostatic skeleton - fluid pressure in soft-bodied animals for support and movement
Immune System support - phagocytosis, inflammation, serration of humoral factors
Circulatory System - Coelomyctes transport nutrients, gases, and waste products. (Allows for larger Coelomates)
Independent movement of organs (heart, digestive tract)
Hox Genes
Structures within proteins made within genes (unique to animals)
Colonial Organism
All cells are identical and can live individually
Multicellular Organism
Have specialized furcation and rely on each other
Tissue Layers
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
Ectoderm
Outside - epidermis and central nervous system
Mesoderm
Middle - muscles and some organs
Endoderm
Inside - digestive tract and associated organs
Acoelomate
No coelom filled by mesoderm formed during embryonic development
Pseudoocoelmate
Partially lined body cavity (cavity between endoderm and mesoderm)
True Coelom (Eucelomate)
Body cavity lined with mesodermal tissue. Separating organs from the outer body
Eucoelom (animals)
Eucoelom is a fluid-filled body cavity between the inner membrane. (True coelom in animals)
Gastrovacualry Cavity
Simple Digestive system
One opening for food and waste (Mouth/Anus)
Intercellular digestion
Complete digestive tract
More advanced Digestive system
2 Openings (Mouth = Food / Anus = Waste)
Extracellular digestion
Food Path - Mouth -> pass through hollow tube -> undergoes extraocular digestion -> Extra exits Anus as waste
Open Circulatory System
Blood flows freely through cavities (hemocels) since there are no dedicated vessels.
Tissues bathed directly in blood
Less efficient sluggish blood flow
Typically smaller organisms with low metabolism
Closed Circulatory System
Blood is enclosed within vessels.
The heart pumps blood for continuous circulation (Blood pumped at high pressure)
More efficient due to specialized vessels
Typically found in larger organisms with higher metabolism.
All Chordate have?
3 Tissues
Bilateral Symmetry
Complete Digestive Tracts
True Coelom
The most diverse class of Invertebrate
Anthropods
Have a hard exoskeleton for protection
Body segments allow for specialization of the body
Jointed appendages enhance movement and bodily functions
Bilateral symmetry efficient movement and perception
Variety appendages
Size range
Diverse mouth parts allow for specialized diet
