18

Question 1

Ketone

Answer 1

a compound containing a carbonyl group bonded to two alkyl groups

Question 2

Aldehyde

Answer 2

a compound containing a carbonyl group bonded to an alkyl group and a hydrogen atom

Question 3

The carbonyl is

Answer 3

the focal point of reactivity (C=O)

Question 4

Ketone ending nomen

Answer 4

-one

on the place where it is located, it is a suffix, takes precedence.

Question 5

The only functional groups higher than ketones are

Answer 5

acids>esters>aldehydes

Question 6

On a ring aldehyde becomes

Answer 6

carbaldehyde

Question 7

Ketones and aldehydes have lower/higher bp than hydrocarbons

Answer 7

Higher

vanderwahls vs dipole-dipole

Question 8

Ketones and aldehydes have lower/higher bp than alcohol

Answer 8

lower

can’t form hydrogen bonds outside of water

Question 9

R-Li+ Carboxylic acid + H3O+H2O=

Answer 9

Ketone

Question 10

Carboxylic acid-> Ketone reagents

Answer 10

1. 2 equiv R-Li
2. H3O
3. H2O

Question 11

Synthesis of ketones from nitriles

Answer 11

Grinard attack 
1. Nucleophilic attack 
2. Mg salt of imine
3. H+
-> imine
H3O+ 
-> Ketone

Question 12

Li+ -AlH(O-t-Bu)3 is a ____

Why use it for acid chlorides->aldehydes instead of LiH?

Answer 12

milder reducing agent than LiH

LiH would bring it to the alcohol

Question 13

DIBAL-H will reduce ____ to _____ at dry ice temperature

Answer 13

esters to aldehyde

Question 14

lithium dialkylcuprates are

Answer 14

a weaker organometallic reagent that turns an acid chloride into a ketone instead of an alcohol

Question 15

Things you can do with carbonyl groups

Answer 15

Strong nucleophilic addition

carbonyls can be activated by H+ to become electrophilic