1.7c - Phillipines

Question 1

Define multiple hazard zone

Answer 1

Multiple hazard zones are places where two or more natural hazards occur, and in some cases interact to produce complex disasters

Question 2

State 5 categories of hazards

Answer 2

meterological, hydrological, geophysical, climatological and bilogical

Question 3

State two examples of a multiple hazard zone

Answer 3

• remote region of a developing coutry hit by an eq with no health servces leads to disease outbreak wiht not clean water or medicine
• volcanic eruptions coincide with rainy season/tropical cyclone leading to lahars where lloose ash and rock picked up by free flowing water

Question 4

How many volcanoes does PP have

Answer 4

Has 37 volcanoes – 18 of which are active.

Question 5

How many destructive eqs

Answer 5

12 destructive earthquakes recorded in last 40 years.

Question 6

Why is PP prone to tsunamis

Answer 6

Eastern and Northern coasts face the Pacific Ocean (the world’s most tsunami-prone ocean).

Question 7

When do rain bearing winds hit PP

Answer 7

Tropical monsoonal climate brings rain-bearing winds from SW (May-Oct) & NE (Nov-Feb).

Question 8

What is the general pattern with typhoons in PP

Answer 8

An average of 20 typhoons hit the country (June-Dec), of which 7-10 are expected to be destructive.

Question 9

Secondary impacts of typhoons?

Answer 9

High risk of storm surges, floods and landslides.
Lies within SE Asia’s typhoon belt – saturated hillslopes

Question 10

Describe poverty in PP

Answer 10

25% of population live in poverty (average).
But..50% of rural population live in poverty and primarily dependent on agriculture.

Question 11

Describe development context for PP

Answer 11

Rapidly developing Lower middle income country with large population (101 million growing at 1.72% a year)

Question 12

Describe urbanisation in PP

Answer 12

Rapid urbanisation has led to large unplanned informal settlement especially in flood prone coastal areas and high population densities

Question 13

State the interacting between tectonic and hydro meteorological hazards in PP

Answer 13

• Cyclones within the tropics; some plate boundaries are also in the tropics, e.g. Philippines
• Tectonic events leave steep slopes, rugged land and poor vegetation cover (if destroyed by, e.g., volcanoes)
• Extreme weather events / Heavy rainfall (e.g. La Nina) saturate the soil and trigger mudslides and landslides, particularly if vegetation has been removed
• Heavy rain mixes with volcanic ash, creating large lahars might kill many people (e.g. Typhoon Yunya in 1991)
• Volcanic eruptions release lots of water and the plume creates static charges that create lightning and thunderstorms