1750-1900

Question 1

What are some factors of crime?

Answer 1

1) Urbanization
2) Industrialization
3) Urban poverty
4) Railways
5) Alcohol
6) Rural poverty
7)Growing literacy
8)

Question 2

What years were Britain the world’s first industrial country?

Answer 2

1750-1850

Question 3

What was the population in 1750, 1850 and 1900?

Answer 3

1750 = 6 million
1850 = 21 million
1900 = 37 million

Question 4

What are some major industrial cities that emerged?

Answer 4

Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds and Bradford

Question 5

What was the time when more people lived in towns and cities compared to those in rural areas?

Answer 5

By 1850

Question 6

Who is George and what does he show with rural poverty?

Answer 6

George Mitchell brought up in a labouring family in Somerset during the 1830s and was so hungry that he ate turnups from the fields and collected snails to roast for his tea

Question 7

When was there a slump in agriculture?

Answer 7

During the 1870s and 1880s

Question 8

When was “the Enlightenment”?

Answer 8

Between 1680 and 1830

Question 9

Who was one man who took the ideas of the “The Enlightenment” forward in the 19th century?

Answer 9

Jeremy Bentham and proposed many legal and social reforms as he developed the philosophy of utilitarianism

Question 10

When was the east coast of Australia charted and by who?

Answer 10

1770 - James Cook

Question 11

When did the colonization of Australia begin?

Answer 11

1783 - The government put forward the proposal to establish a settlement in New South Wales

Question 12

What territories did Britain have in 1886?

Answer 12

Canada, Some parts of Africa, India and Australia

Question 13

How much land and people did Britain rule by 1900?

Answer 13

One fifth of the world’s land and a quarter of the world’s population

Question 14

What was the first inter-city railway in the world?

Answer 14

Between Liverpool and Manchester in 1830

Question 15

When was the network of railways being built?

Answer 15

1830s and 1840s by navies

Question 16

When were most major towns connected by railway?

Answer 16

By 1850

Question 17

How did the government get involved with education?

Answer 17

Education act (1870) = provided school for all children under the age of ten

Question 18

What was a weekly newspaper that was published?

Answer 18

Illustrated Police News, first published in 1864 and contained sensational stories of murders and hangings.

Question 19

How much of the population could vote in the early 19th century?

Answer 19

5% until 1832

Question 20

When did reform come for voting?

Answer 20

Reform Act 1832 = allowed for the larger towns to have two MPs each and gave the vote to middle class men

Question 21

What further reforms were added after 1832?

Answer 21

In 1867 and 1884 the vote was extended to working class men but women still couldnt vote

Question 22

When was the “gin craze”?

Answer 22

1751

Question 23

What was the Gin Act 1751?

Answer 23

This prohibited distillers from selling to unlicensed merchants and also increased the fees charged to small-time merchants—a decision that led to gin no longer being sold in small gin shops, but rather the bigger pubs where quality control was tighter.

Question 24

How many gin shops were there in London by 1830?

Answer 24

There was an estimated 7,000 gin shops

Question 25

What led from the “gin craze”?

Answer 25

The ‘Temperance Movement’ which tried to persuade peopel to stop drinking alcohol and it had limited success

Question 26

What led from the “gin craze”?

Answer 26

The ‘Temperance Movement’ which tried to persuade people to stop drinking alcohol and it had limited success

Question 27

Who is the ‘railway king’ and what did he do?

Answer 27

George Hudson and in the 1840s he swindled middle-class shareholders out of huge sums of money

Question 28

What happened with crime in the 2nd half of 18th century?

Answer 28

A gradual increase in crime

Question 29

When was their a very sharp increase in crime rate?

Answer 29

After 1815

Question 30

When did crime rise and then fall?

Answer 30

Crime rose until 1850 more slowly compared to after 1815 and then the 2nd half of 19th century there was a gradual fall in crime rate

Question 31

How much did petty theft account for in all crimes?

Answer 31

over half and sometime as much as 80%

Question 32

How many crimes involved violence?

Answer 32

Only 10% of crimes

Question 33

What was the gender of most offenders and what were their age?

Answer 33

75% of all offenders were male and were usually teens and early twenties

Question 34

Were women involved with crime?

Answer 34

Rarely involved with the most common offence being prostitution

Question 35

When was the Napoleonic war and what happened after?

Answer 35

1815-1822 with wages falling by about a third and the price of bread increasing

Question 36

Crimes committed out of desperation

Answer 36

William Dennision/16 yrs old and admitted to stealing a coat in 1816 [Himself]
- Thomas Parkins prosecuted for stealing two bundles of stick from a local landowner in 1819 [Pregnant wife]
- John Stone/Leicester was prosecuted for stealing a watch in 1822 [Family]

Question 37

How many parents were prosecuted for not sending children to school?

Answer 37

1870-1890 = 500,000

Question 38

What did Trashy literature cause?

Answer 38

An 18 year old shot a police man the Times newspaper claimed in 1884

Question 39

What did frost lead to?

Answer 39

All outdoor labour being stopped which lead to theft and violent crime The Morning Star stated in London 1861

Question 40

What types of crime did Alcohol cause?

Answer 40

Half of common assault and 3/4 of assaults on the police is due to drunkenness

Question 41

Who wrote against the temptations of profit?

Answer 41

Edewin Cahadwick, Royal Commission written 1839

Question 42

What was point for criminals being naturally bad?

Answer 42

Criminal characteristics were inherited and this was influenced by Darwin’s theory of evolution. By 1870 prisoners had their photos taken and details of there background and crime committed